OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to define a standardized comprehensive sonographic approach for evaluating the different histoanatomical compartments of the lateral elbow. DESIGN: Using high-frequency ultrasound probes, we tried to match the anatomical features of the lateral elbow and its different sonographic patterns in patients with the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis. Moreover, high-sensitive color/power Doppler assessments have also been performed to evaluate the microcirculation. RESULTS: Modern ultrasound equipment seems to provide an extremely detailed sonographic assessment of the different anatomical layers located in the lateral compartment of the elbow. Moreover, high-sensitive color/power Doppler imaging allows for clear visualization of the perfusion patterns in pathological conditions. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, high-frequency B-mode and high-sensitive color/power Doppler imaging can be integrated with the clinical findings to better define the pain generator(s) for optimizing the management of patients with lateral epicondylitis.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- loketní kloub * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- svaly MeSH
- tenisový loket * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
CME Sonography 107: Ultrasound Elbow Cases Abstract. In this article, we discuss exemplary sonographic pathologies at the anterior, lateral, medial, and posterior elbow, highlighting important structures that should be systematically examined in the corresponding elbow region.
Zusammenfassung. In diesem Artikel besprechen wir exemplarische sonografische Beispielpathologien am Ellenbogen anterior, lateral, medial und posterior mit Hervorhebung wichtiger Strukturen, die im Bereich der entsprechenden Ellenbogenregion systematisch untersucht werden sollten.
- Klíčová slova
- Bursitis, Elbow, Ellenbogen, Epicondylopathie, Ligament, Sehne, Ultraschall, bursitis, epicondylopathy, ligament, tendon, ultrasound,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- loketní kloub * diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
Plain X-ray remains a standard diagnostic tool for evaluation of skeletal injuries in children. However, it provides inadequate imaging of unossified, cartilaginous parts of pediatric bones. Our article presents the possibilities of ultrasound imaging based on the case report of a seven years old patient with a rare injury of the unossified medial epicondyle of the humerus where the diagnosis and indication for osteosynthesis has been made based on ultrasound examination of the injured elbow. Ultrasound imaging is an ideal, accessible and affordable examination not stressful for the patient; this technique can be used to verify of skeletal injuries that cannot be diagnosed by plain X-ray. Ultrasound imaging should be a standard part of the diagnostic algorithm of skeletal injuries in the pediatric population where a discrepancy is present between distinctive symptoms and negative radiographs.
- Klíčová slova
- case report, child, fracture, osteoporosis, ultrasonography, ultrasound,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fraktury humeru * chirurgie MeSH
- humerus diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- loketní kloub * diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- poranění lokte * MeSH
- ultrasonografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
In this dynamic protocol, ultrasound examination of the elbow using different maneuvers is described for several/relevant elbow problems. Scanning videos are coupled with real-time patient examination videos for better understanding. The authors believe that this practical guide-prepared by an international consensus of several experts (EURO-MUSCULUS: European Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Study Group and USPRM: Ultrasound Study Group of ISPRM [International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine])-will help musculoskeletal physicians perform a better and uniform/standard approach.
Accessory bones in the region of the elbow are rare variants with high clinical significance as they may be confused with avulsion fractures. We investigated their prevalence and performed a statistical analysis to support their congenital origin. Their localization was mapped to show their exact site of occurrence. We evaluated anteroposterior and lateral X-ray images of 2413 elbows in a Central European population from which a group of accessory bony structures was selected. Their character was evaluated, and accessory bones were identified. We used logistic regression to evaluate the potential relationship between the occurrence of accessory bones, the age of patients, and the occurrence of calcar olecrani. The prevalence of accessory bones of the elbow in the sample was 0.77%. Our results did not show a statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of calcar olecrani or with the age of patients. The most common type was os subepicondylare mediale (type V) in 0.46%, which was located distal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus, followed by os subepicondylare laterale (type III; 0.21%), situated laterally to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. In comparison with previous reports, os sesamoideum mediale (type IV) was located more distally. Our data suggest that congenital accessory bones are a rare entity. Knowledge of their exact localization should be considered during diagnosis of avulsion fractures and other unclear diagnoses including accessory bony structures in the elbow region.
- Klíčová slova
- accessory ossicles, elbow variability, sesamoid bones,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket abnormality diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- loketní kloub abnormality krevní zásobení MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: A hinged external fixator of the elbow provides stable fixation of the joint while maintaining the range of its motion. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of patients in whom an external fixator was used to manage severe injuries to the elbow, namely, traumatic unstable dislocation, unstable fracture-dislocation, and elbow fractures not permitting management by primary osteosynthesis. This also involved assessment of early elbow mobilisation and a comparison of this group with a group of patients treated conservatively for less severe elbow injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of 25 patients were evaluated at a follow-up of 18 months. There were 10 women and 15 men; the average age was 48 years (range, 20 to 76). The external fixator was applied in 13 patients, of whom eight had unstable elbow dislocation, three had unstable fracture-dislocation and two suffered a comminuted supracondylar fracture of the distal humerus. The hinged fixator was removed at an average of 7.6 weeks (range, 3 to 9 weeks). In the group of 12 patients treated conservatively by plaster cast application and subsequent rehabilitation, five had elbow dislocation without ligament injury and seven had elbow dislocation with ulnar collateral ligament injury. None of them showed any instability. The patients were evaluated on the basis of clinical and radiological findings, with the Mayo elbow performance (MEP) score being used for clinical assessment. RESULTS: At a follow-up of 18 months, the patients with the external fixator showed the average range of motion at the elbow joint of 127° (105° to 140°), the MEP score of 92 points (75 to 100) and restriction of elbow extension by 8° (0° to 40°). In the conservatively treated patients, the range of motion was 133° (112° to 145°), the MEP score was 95 points (85 to 100) and extension restriction by 8° (0° to 22°). X-ray examination showed a congruent joint in both groups. The use of external fixator was associated with minor complications: transient radial nerve irritation in one case, and pin-tract infection in two cases (23%) which healed spontaneously after screw removal. DISCUSSION: The optimal management of a complex elbow injury should results in restoring joint stability and its full range of motion. However, this is often difficult to achieve by surgical means and a marked restriction of movement remains a frequent consequence of severe elbow injury. CONCLUSIONS: Elbow injuries differ from patient to patient and therefore the approach to their treatment has to be individual in every patient. A hinged external fixator provides stable fixation and allows for early movement of the elbow. Maintenance of the range of motion facilitated by the hinged fixator is not at the expense of joint stability or fracture non-union. Based on the results presented here, we recommend the use of external fixation in severe unstable elbow fractures and in fractures in which primary osteosynthesis cannot be used because of soft tissue injury.
- MeSH
- dislokace kloubu diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie rehabilitace chirurgie MeSH
- externí fixátory MeSH
- fixace fraktury * škodlivé účinky přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- loketní kloub * diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie chirurgie MeSH
- následné studie MeSH
- nestabilita kloubu etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- pooperační komplikace * diagnóza prevence a kontrola MeSH
- poranění lokte * MeSH
- poranění paže * diagnóza patofyziologie rehabilitace chirurgie MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
- ukazatel závažnosti úrazu MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hrudník vpáčený * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket abnormality diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Marfanův syndrom * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- mikrognacie * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- mnohočetné abnormality * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- paže abnormality diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- spina bifida * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- vývojové onemocnění kostí * diagnóza diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Eighty patients with soft tissue calcification were treated: 24 suffered from myositis ossificans traumatica, 23 from calcific bursitis (Duplay's disease), six from osteoarthropathy of elbow joint after severe craniocerebral trauma, nine from calcification around the elbow joint after local trauma, 13 from calcification around the hip joint, and five from calcification in ligaments and tendons. Using a new method of treatment about 75% of patients were cured. Calcifications disappeared or diminished substantially. Very good functional improvement followed in affected joints. The treatment involved local application of MgSO4 under local anaesthesia into calcified areas for 2-20 weeks, together with peroral administration of Mg lactate for 4-6 months. There were no complications or side effects of this treatment.
- MeSH
- aplikace orální MeSH
- burzitida farmakoterapie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
- kalcinóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- kyčelní kloub diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ligamenta diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- myositis ossificans farmakoterapie MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- síran hořečnatý aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- šlachy diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- síran hořečnatý MeSH
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fraktury kostí diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- metody MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- poranění lokte * MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- artrografie * MeSH
- koleno diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- kosti a kostní tkáň diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- kyčel diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- loket diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- nemoci svalů diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- noha (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- rameno diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH