The hand is a unique structure in human body performing complex activities of daily life making it prone to injuries. While operating on zone VI extensor tendon injury, a surprising entity was observed. The extensor digitorum to the right index finger was absent. This is an extremely rare entity in the literature. Also, all previous studies on the extensor digitorum are cadaveric. Our findings are first of its kind intraoperative, incidental, and confirmed on MRI. Thus, it becomes a case report of special worth mentioning in literature.

• Klíčová slova
• absent tendon, anatomic variations, congenital hand anomalies, extensor digitorum communis, extensor tendons, hand surgery, index finger,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• poranění prstů ruky chirurgie   MeSH
• poranění šlachy chirurgie   MeSH
• prsty ruky * abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• šlachy abnormality   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

PURPOSE: Knowledge of rare variants of the FDP is of high clinical importance for physicians examining patients for tendon lacerations and especially for hand surgeons operating tendon injuries. METHODS: During routine dissection at our Department of Anatomy both cases were observed. RESULTS: Variations of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus muscles of the little finger were observed in two cadavers. In both cases, the flexor digitorum profundus muscle for the little finger was absent. Moreover, in the first case, the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle for the little finger was hypoplastic and in the second case it featured variable insertion. CONCLUSION: There were found only four cases in previous literature describing absent flexor digitorum profundus tendon without any muscle attachment to the base of the distal phalanx. Furthermore, all previously described cases were observed in living patients. To our best knowledge, a case report in cadaver has yet not been reported and is of high importance for hand surgeons examining the hand for tendon injuries.

• Klíčová slova
• Anatomical variation, Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Hand surgery, Musculoskeletal system,
• MeSH
• disekce MeSH
• kosterní svaly abnormality   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mrtvola MeSH
• poranění ruky diagnóza   MeSH
• poranění šlachy diagnóza   MeSH
• předloktí abnormality   MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• šlachy abnormality   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

BACKGROUND: Fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the nerve is a rare benign infiltrating condition of peripheral nerves with prominent cutaneous findings that has not being well described in the dermatologic and dermatopathologic literature. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of this rare condition. METHODS: We reviewed the clinicopathologic features of 13 cases to delineate their clinical presentation and histopathologic spectrum. RESULTS: All patients presented with unilateral lesions on the thenar areas, fingers, or both. In 7 cases the lesions presented congenitally and in 6 cases the lesions presented sporadically. Histologically, we found 2 patterns that have only been rarely mentioned before including cases with intraneural perineurioma-like features and cases with marked nerve hyperplasia. LIMITATIONS: Only 13 cases were included in our study. CONCLUSIONS: This condition is an uncommon entity. The diagnosis of this disorder can be highly suspected on its macroscopic features. Predilection of the median nerve and the frequent association with macrodactyly are characteristic clinical findings.

• Klíčová slova
• Proteus syndrome, fibrolipomatous hamartoma of the nerve, macrodactyly, median nerve, syndactylia,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hamartom komplikace   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• jehlová biopsie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipom komplikace   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory periferního nervového systému komplikace   diagnóza   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   patologie   MeSH
• vrozené deformity končetin etiologie   patologie   MeSH
• vzácné nemoci MeSH
• vzorkové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Macrodystrophia lipomatosa (MDL) is a rare, congenital, developmental anomaly causing localized overgrowth of a digit(s) or extremity. Trigger wrist is a relatively rare entity, which may be caused by a mass originating from a tendon, an anomalous muscle or intracarpal pathologies. A 42-year-old male patient presented with triggering during active motion of the fingers and intractable pain and numbness in fingers to our emergency department. He had hypertrophy of the entire right upper extremity and his huge thumb was amputated due to MDL four years ago. The index finger was bigger than the other fingers and thenar eminence area of the hand looked like a large mass. Resection of hypertrophic carpal bone and debulking of large soft tissue mass removed the carpal tunnel symptoms and limited the range of motion of the wrist and fingers. This is a case report of triggering at the wrist and severe carpal tunnel syndrome due to carpal bone enlargement and lipofibromatous hamartoma (LH) of the median nerve in a patient with MDL.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipomatóza komplikace   vrozené   chirurgie   MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• syndrom karpálního tunelu etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• vrozené deformity končetin komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie metody   MeSH
• zápěstí abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

We present a 20-year-old Malay male whom we believe has Proteus syndrome, a rare congenital disorder of asymmetrical overgrowth of body tissues. There are fewer than 100 confirmed cases reported worldwide thus the clinical presentation and histopathological findings are of significance. Our patient presented with an overgrown right small finger and subcutaneous purplish pigmentation over his left upper arm and chest since birth. His small finger gradually increased in size. He had no abnormalities in sensation or power. Radiographs revealed a delta shaped middle phalanx of the small finger. His activities of daily living were uninterrupted but he requested debulking surgery for cosmetic reasons. Histopathological examination reported hypertrophic fatty tissue composed of well formed lobules of mature adipocytes interspersed with fibrous elements.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Proteův syndrom diagnóza   MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Authors describe 6 cases (3 women, 3 men) affected by Apert syndrome (acrocephalosyndactyly). Clinical material has been documented since 1953. They concentrate on the description of individual clinical cases on the basis of objective and radiograph examination of patients. They describe surgical procedure of syndactyly between the thumb and 2nd-5th digits on both hands. Prior to 1998 they started with separation of digits at the age of 3-5 years. After 1998 they began with it as early as at the age of 3-6 months. For the reconstruction of lateral aspects of separated digits and for the creation of inter-digital space they use "zig-zag" incision and for covering the resulting skin defects they use skin transplants. During separation of 2nd-4th digits they extirpate all phalanges of 3rd digit and they leave metacarpal III in situ by which they create a three-digit hand with a relatively good functional result.

• MeSH
• akrocefalosyndaktylie komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• syndaktylie komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

Congenital swan neck deformities in seven fingers of two patients were treated by transfer of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon to a tendon graft which was attached the extensor aponeurosis over the middle phalanx. The tendon transfer is protected for at least 2 months by a modified Murphy splint.

• MeSH
• dlahy MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přenos šlachy * MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   chirurgie   MeSH
• vrozené deformity ruky chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň abnormality   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfopenie etiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• syndrom MeSH
• syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti * MeSH
• vývojové onemocnění kostí * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• kožní nemoci patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mnohočetné abnormality MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   MeSH
• syndrom MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH

• MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metody MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• prsty ruky abnormality   diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH