Degradation of chlorobenzoic acids (e.g., products of microbial degradation of PCB) by strains of microorganisms isolated from PCB contaminated soils was assessed. From seven bulk-soil isolates two strains unique in ability to degrade a wider range of chlorobenzoic acids than others were selected, individually and even in a complex mixture of 11 different chlorobenzoic acids. Such a feature is lacking in most tested degraders. To investigate the influence of vegetation on chlorobenzoic acids degraders, root exudates of two plant species known for supporting PCB degradation in soil were tested. While with individual chlorobenzoic acids the presence of plant exudates leads to a decrease of degradation yield, in case of a mixture of chlorobenzoic acids either a change in bacterial degradation specificity, associated with 3- and 4-chlorobenzoic acid, or an extension of the spectrum of degraded chlorobenzoic acids was observed.

• MeSH
• Arthrobacter izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• biodegradace účinky léků   MeSH
• chlorbenzoáty metabolismus   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin chemie   MeSH
• Pseudomonas izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty farmakologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chlorbenzoáty MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain A8 was isolated from soil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls. It can use 2-chlorobenzoate and 2,5-dichlorobenzoate as sole sources of carbon and energy. This property makes it a good starting microorganism for further development toward a bioremediation tool. The genome of A. xylosoxidans consists of a 7-Mb chromosome and two large plasmids (98 kb and 248 kb). Besides genes for the utilization of xenobiotic organic substrates, it contains genes associated with pathogenesis, toxin production, and resistance. Here, we report the complete genome sequence.

• MeSH
• Achromobacter denitrificans genetika   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální chromozomy MeSH
• chlorbenzoáty metabolismus   MeSH
• DNA bakterií chemie   genetika   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus MeSH
• genom bakteriální * MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• plazmidy MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• uhlík metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 2-chlorobenzoic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• chlorbenzoáty MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• uhlík MeSH

This review summarizes the main results obtained in the fields of general and molecular microbiology and microbial genetics at the Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (AS CR) [formerly Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (CAS)] over more than 50 years. Contribution of the founder of the Institute, academician Ivan Málek, to the introduction of these topics into the scientific program of the Institute of Microbiology and to further development of these studies is also included.

• MeSH
• akademie a ústavy dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• mikrobiální genetika dějiny   MeSH
• molekulární biologie dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH