This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic value of preoperative hematologic biomarkers in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder treated with radical cystectomy. PUBMED, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were searched in September 2019 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis statement. Studies were deemed eligible if they compared cancer-specific survival in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with and without pretreatment laboratoryabnormalities. Formal meta-analyses were performed for this outcome. The systematic review identified 36 studies with 23,632 patients, of these, 32 studies with 22,224 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Several preoperative hematologic biomarkers were significantly associated with cancer-specific survival as follows: neutrophil - lymphocyte ratio (pooled hazard ratio [HR]: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.29), hemoglobin (pooled HR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.82-0.94), C-reactive protein (pooled HR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.26-1.66), De Ritis ratio (pooled HR: 2.18, 95% CI 1.37-3.48), white blood cell count (pooled HR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07), and albumin-globulin ratio (pooled HR: 0.26, 95% CI 0.14-0.48). Several pretreatment laboratory abnormalities in patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder were associated with cancer-specific mortality. Therefore, it might be useful to incorporate such hematologic biomarkers into prognostic tools for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. However, given the study limitations including heterogeneity and retrospective nature of the primary data, the conclusions should be interpreted with caution.

• Klíčová slova
• Hematologic biomarker, Meta-analysis, Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder,
• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein analýza   MeSH
• cystektomie metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty patologie   MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře krev   mortalita   chirurgie   MeSH
• neutrofily patologie   MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• počet trombocytů MeSH
• předoperační období MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH

Glucans are part of a group of biologically active natural molecules and are steadily gaining strong attention not only as an important food supplement, but also as an immunostimulant and potential drug. This paper represents an up-to-date review of glucans (β-1,3-glucans) and their role in various immune reactions and the treatment of cancer. With more than 80 clinical trials evaluating their biological effects, the question is not if glucans will move from food supplement to widely accepted drug, but how soon.

• Klíčová slova
• drug, food, glucan, immunity, infection, mushrooms, supplement,
• MeSH
• adjuvancia imunologická chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Agaricales chemie   MeSH
• beta-glukany chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• imunitní systém účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční hodnota MeSH
• potravní doplňky * MeSH
• protinádorové látky chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adjuvancia imunologická MeSH
• beta-glukany MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH