There are two main types of bacterial photosynthesis: oxygenic (cyanobacteria) and anoxygenic (sulfur and non-sulfur phototrophs). Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis in the phototrophic microorganisms can differ and depend on their location and pigments in the cells. This paper describes bacteria capable of molecular oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, specifically the families Chromatiaceae and Chlorobiaceae, also known as purple and green sulfur bacteria in the process of anoxygenic photosynthesis. Further, it analyzes certain important physiological processes, especially those which are characteristic for these bacterial families. Primarily, the molecular metabolism of sulfur, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to elementary molecular sulfur, as well as photosynthetic processes taking place inside of cells are presented. Particular attention is paid to the description of the molecular structure of the photosynthetic apparatus in these two families of phototrophs. Moreover, some of their molecular biotechnological perspectives are discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• anaerobes, anoxygenic bacteria, detoxification, hydrogen sulfide, molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis, water environment,
• MeSH
• anaerobióza MeSH
• Chlorobi klasifikace   genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• Chromatiaceae klasifikace   genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• fototrofní procesy genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• síra metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• síra MeSH