To evaluate the potential of using the enzymes from spent mushroom compost (SMC) as an industrial enzyme, the production of alpha-amylase, cellulase, beta-glucosidase, laccase, and xylanase was determined from the SMC of four edible mushroom species (Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes, Flammulina velutipes and Hericium erinaceum). Among the tested SMC, the SMC of L. edodes showed the highest enzyme activity in alpha-amylase (229 nkat/g), cellulase (759 nkat/g) and beta-glucosidase (767 nkat/g) in 0.5% Triton X-100, and that of P. ostreatus showed the highest activity in laccase (1452 nkat/g) in phosphate-buffered 0.2% Triton X-100. The highest xylanase activity (119 nkat/g) was found in the SMC of F. velutipes.

• MeSH
• alpha-Amylases isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Basidiomycota classification   enzymology   metabolism   MeSH
• beta-Glucosidase isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Biodegradation, Environmental MeSH
• Cellulase isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Shiitake Mushrooms enzymology   MeSH
• Hydrolases isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Laccase isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Pleurotus enzymology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• alpha-Amylases MeSH
• beta-Glucosidase MeSH
• Cellulase MeSH
• Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases MeSH
• Hydrolases MeSH
• Laccase MeSH

A new simple method used to eliminate polysaccharides that cause problems during DNA isolation was established for 6 different white-rot fungi using 1% hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as wash buffer and followed by centrifugation. Variation in the DNA yield and quality was ascertained using precipitating agents, detergents and cell-wall-hydrolyzing chitinase. Considerable amount of exopolysaccharides from fungal biomass was removed with the use of 1% CTAB wash buffer followed by centrifugation. The DNA varied in terms of yield and quality. For the DNA extraction use of 2% SDS in extraction buffer worked best for Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Cyathus bulleri, Cyathus striatus and Cyathus stercoreus, while 2% CTAB worked best for Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus ostreatus. Elimination of phenol and use of absolute ethanol for precipitating DNA resulted in good yield and quality of DNA. This DNA was amenable to restriction endonuclease digestion.

• MeSH
• Basidiomycota chemistry   MeSH
• Cetrimonium Compounds chemistry   MeSH
• Cetrimonium MeSH
• Chitinases metabolism   MeSH
• Detergents MeSH
• DNA, Fungal analysis   isolation & purification   metabolism   MeSH
• Phenol chemistry   MeSH
• Fractional Precipitation MeSH
• Mycology methods   MeSH
• Phanerochaete chemistry   MeSH
• Pleurotus chemistry   MeSH
• Polysaccharides chemistry   MeSH
• DNA Restriction Enzymes metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Cetrimonium Compounds MeSH
• Cetrimonium MeSH
• Chitinases MeSH
• Detergents MeSH
• DNA, Fungal MeSH
• Phenol MeSH
• Polysaccharides MeSH
• DNA Restriction Enzymes MeSH

The effect of enhanced laccase (Lac) activity (obtained after copper addition to cultivation media) on decolorization of azo dye Orange G in two basidiospore-derived monokaryotic isolates of Pleurotus ostreatus was determined. The high Lac-producing isolate efficiently decolorized Orange G. The low-producing isolate showed only poor decolorization ability during cultivation in liquid medium and no decolorization on agar plates containing Orange G after a 25-d growth. A substantial enhancement of Lac activity caused by copper addition into cultivation media was detected in both isolates but, at the same time, the biomass production decreased and decolorization rate was reduced.

• MeSH
• Enzyme Activation drug effects   MeSH
• Azo Compounds metabolism   MeSH
• Laccase metabolism   MeSH
• Environmental Pollutants metabolism   MeSH
• Copper pharmacology   MeSH
• Peroxidases metabolism   MeSH
• Pleurotus classification   enzymology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Azo Compounds MeSH
• Laccase MeSH
• Environmental Pollutants MeSH
• manganese peroxidase MeSH Browser
• Copper MeSH
• Orange G MeSH Browser
• Peroxidases MeSH

Molasses wastewater (vinasse; the by-product of distillation of fermented sugar) was decolorized and its chemical oxygen demand (COD) was reduced in static cultivation using the fungi Coriolus versicolor, Funalia trogii, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Pleurotus pulmonarius ('Pleurotus sajorcaju'). The effect of cotton stalk on decolorizing and COD removing capability of four fungi was determined. In the entire concentration range tested (10-30%), wastewater was effectively decolorized by C. versicolor and F. trogii. Cotton stalk addition stimulated the decolorization activity of all fungi. The utilization of cotton stalk represents several advantages due to its function as an attachment place and as a source of nutrients; its use also reduces process costs.

• MeSH
• Color MeSH
• Biodegradation, Environmental * MeSH
• Fermentation MeSH
• Fungi metabolism   MeSH
• Molasses * MeSH
• Water Microbiology MeSH
• Waste Disposal, Fluid MeSH
• Pleurotus metabolism   MeSH
• Polyporales metabolism   MeSH
• Industrial Waste * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Industrial Waste * MeSH