The production of free radicals is inevitably associated with metabolism and other enzymatic processes. Under physiological conditions, however, free radicals are effectively eliminated by numerous antioxidant mechanisms. Oxidative stress occurs due to an imbalance between the production and elimination of free radicals under pathological conditions. Oxidative stress is also associated with ageing. The brain is prone to oxidative damage because of its high metabolic activity and high vulnerability to ischemic damage. Oxidative stress, thus, plays a major role in the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic pathologies in the brain, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury or neurodegenerative diseases. The goal of this article is to summarize the basic concepts of oxidative stress and its significance in brain pathologies, as well as to discuss treatment strategies for dealing with oxidative stress in stroke.

• Klíčová slova
• RNS, ROS, antioxidants, brain, free radicals, oxidative stress, scavengers, stroke,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Two structurally different copper(II) complexes of the compositions [{Cu(9dhx)(H2O)3}2(µ-SO4)2] (1) and [Cu(9dhx)2(H2O)2(NO3)2]·H2O (2), involving 9-deazahypoxanthine (9dhx; 6-oxo-9-deazapurine; 9-deazahypoxanthine), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic spectroscopy, electrospray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal (DTA) analyses, and cyclic voltammetry. The X-ray structures of complexes 1 and [Cu(9dhx)2(H2O)2(NO3)2] (2a) revealed the distorted octahedral geometry in the vicinity of the copper(II) atoms, with the NO5 and N2O4 donor set, respectively. In the dimeric compound 1, the {Cu(9dhx)(H2O)3}2 units are bridged by sulfate groups with the Cu···Cu separation being 5.3446(2) Å. In both structures the 9dhx ligands are coordinated through the N3 atoms of the pyrimidine moieties. The SOD-like activity of complexes 1 and 2 was evaluated in vitro showing moderate effect, with the IC50 values equal to 18.20, and 53.33 μM, respectively.

• Klíčová slova
• 6-oxo-9-deazapurine, 9-deazahypoxanthine, X-ray crystal structure, copper(II) complexes, in vitro SOD-like activity,
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
• hypoxanthiny chemie   MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
• měď chemie   MeSH
• molekulární konformace MeSH
• spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 9-deazahypoxanthine MeSH Prohlížeč
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• hypoxanthiny MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny MeSH
• měď MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

Two SOD-mimic active dimeric Cu(II) chlorido complexes of the compositions [Cu(2)(μ-HL(1))(4)Cl(2)]Cl(2) (1) and [Cu(2)(μ-HL(2))(2)(μ-Cl)(2)(HL(2))(2)Cl(2)] · 4H(2)O (2) involving the cosmetologically relevant cytokinin kinetin (N6-furfuryladenine, HL(1)) and its derivative N6-(5-methylfurfuryl)adenine (HL(2)) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, and electronic spectroscopy, ESI+ mass spectrometry, conductivity and temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility measurements, and thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal (DTA) analyses. The results of these methods, particularly the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility, showed the complexes to be dimeric with a strong antiferromagnetic exchange (J = -290 cm(-1) for complex 1 and J = -160 cm(-1) for 2). The complexes have been identified as auspicious SOD-mimics, as their antiradical activity evaluated by the in vitro SOD-mimic assay resulted in the IC(50) values equal to 8.13 μM (1) and 0.71 μM (2).

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH