This article concerns the development of myocardial architecture--crucial for contractile performance of the heart and its conduction system, essential for generation and coordinated spread of electrical activity. Topics discussed include molecular determination of cardiac phenotype (contractile and conducting), remodeling of ventricular wall architecture and its blood supply, and relation of trabecular compaction to noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Illustrated are the structure and function of the tubular heart, time course of trabecular compaction, and development of multilayered spiral systems of the compact layer.

• MeSH
• embryonální vývoj fyziologie   MeSH
• kardiomyocyty fyziologie   MeSH
• kontrakce myokardu fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myokard * MeSH
• převodní systém srdeční fyziologie   MeSH
• remodelace komor fyziologie   MeSH
• srdce - funkce komor MeSH
• srdce embryologie   růst a vývoj   fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a morphogen involved in many developmental processes. Injection of cells (5E1) that produce a Shh-blocking antibody causes an attenuation of the Shh response, and this causes vascular malformations and impaired remodeling characterized by hemorrhages and protrusions of the anterior cardinal vein and outflow tract, delayed fusion of the dorsal aortae, impaired branching of the internal carotid artery, and delayed remodeling of the aortic arches. Distribution of smooth muscle cells in the vessel wall is unchanged. In 5E1-injected embryos, we also observed impaired assembly of endothelial cells into vascular tubes, particularly in the sixth branchial arch, around the anterior cardinal vein and around the dorsal aorta. In 5E1-treated embryos, increased numbers of macrophage-like cells, apoptotic cells, and a decreased level of proliferation were observed in head mesenchyme. Together, these observations show that Shh signaling is required at multiple stages for proper vessel formation and remodeling.

• MeSH
• branchiální krajina embryologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• cévy embryologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• hybridizace in situ MeSH
• hybridomy MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• křepelky a křepelovití MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• myši MeSH
• proteiny hedgehog genetika   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• protilátky imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• ptačí proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• transplantace buněk MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny hedgehog MeSH
• protilátky MeSH
• ptačí proteiny MeSH