Cytokinins are adenine-based phytohormones that regulate key processes in plants, such as cell division and differentiation, root and shoot growth, apical dominance, branching, and seed germination. In preliminary studies, they have also shown protective activities against human neurodegenerative diseases. To extend knowledge of the protection (protective activity) they offer, we investigated activities of natural cytokinins against salsolinol (SAL)-induced toxicity (a Parkinson's disease model) and glutamate (Glu)-induced death of neuron-like dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. We found that kinetin-3-glucoside, cis-zeatin riboside, and N6-isopentenyladenosine were active in the SAL-induced PD model. In addition, trans-, cis-zeatin, and kinetin along with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) and the necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin 1 (NEC-1) significantly reduced cell death rates in the Glu-induced model. Lactate dehydrogenase assays revealed that the cytokinins provided lower neuroprotective activity than DFO and NEC-1. Moreover, they reduced apoptotic caspase-3/7 activities less strongly than DFO. However, the cytokinins had very similar effects to DFO and NEC-1 on superoxide radical production. Overall, they showed protective activity in the SAL-induced model of parkinsonian neuronal cell death and Glu-induced model of oxidative damage mainly by reduction of oxidative stress.

• Klíčová slova
• Parkinson’s disease, cytokinin, cytotoxicity, glutamate, neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells, neuroprotection, oxidative stress, phytohormone, salsolinol,
• MeSH
• acetylcystein farmakologie   MeSH
• biologické modely * MeSH
• buněčná diferenciace účinky léků   MeSH
• buněčná smrt účinky léků   MeSH
• cytokininy farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• isochinoliny farmakologie   MeSH
• kaspasa 3 metabolismus   MeSH
• kaspasa 7 metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina glutamová toxicita   MeSH
• kyslík metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• neurony účinky léků   MeSH
• neuroprotektivní látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc farmakoterapie   patologie   MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin farmakologie   MeSH
• superoxidy metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• acetylcystein MeSH
• cytokininy MeSH
• isochinoliny MeSH
• kaspasa 3 MeSH
• kaspasa 7 MeSH
• kyselina glutamová MeSH
• kyslík MeSH
• neuroprotektivní látky MeSH
• regulátory růstu rostlin MeSH
• salsolinol MeSH Prohlížeč
• superoxidy MeSH

Two structurally different copper(II) complexes of the compositions [{Cu(9dhx)(H2O)3}2(µ-SO4)2] (1) and [Cu(9dhx)2(H2O)2(NO3)2]·H2O (2), involving 9-deazahypoxanthine (9dhx; 6-oxo-9-deazapurine; 9-deazahypoxanthine), have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic spectroscopy, electrospray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal (DTA) analyses, and cyclic voltammetry. The X-ray structures of complexes 1 and [Cu(9dhx)2(H2O)2(NO3)2] (2a) revealed the distorted octahedral geometry in the vicinity of the copper(II) atoms, with the NO5 and N2O4 donor set, respectively. In the dimeric compound 1, the {Cu(9dhx)(H2O)3}2 units are bridged by sulfate groups with the Cu···Cu separation being 5.3446(2) Å. In both structures the 9dhx ligands are coordinated through the N3 atoms of the pyrimidine moieties. The SOD-like activity of complexes 1 and 2 was evaluated in vitro showing moderate effect, with the IC50 values equal to 18.20, and 53.33 μM, respectively.

• Klíčová slova
• 6-oxo-9-deazapurine, 9-deazahypoxanthine, X-ray crystal structure, copper(II) complexes, in vitro SOD-like activity,
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
• hypoxanthiny chemie   MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• krystalografie rentgenová MeSH
• měď chemie   MeSH
• molekulární konformace MeSH
• spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 9-deazahypoxanthine MeSH Prohlížeč
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• hypoxanthiny MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny MeSH
• měď MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

Two SOD-mimic active dimeric Cu(II) chlorido complexes of the compositions [Cu(2)(μ-HL(1))(4)Cl(2)]Cl(2) (1) and [Cu(2)(μ-HL(2))(2)(μ-Cl)(2)(HL(2))(2)Cl(2)] · 4H(2)O (2) involving the cosmetologically relevant cytokinin kinetin (N6-furfuryladenine, HL(1)) and its derivative N6-(5-methylfurfuryl)adenine (HL(2)) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, and electronic spectroscopy, ESI+ mass spectrometry, conductivity and temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility measurements, and thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermal (DTA) analyses. The results of these methods, particularly the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility, showed the complexes to be dimeric with a strong antiferromagnetic exchange (J = -290 cm(-1) for complex 1 and J = -160 cm(-1) for 2). The complexes have been identified as auspicious SOD-mimics, as their antiradical activity evaluated by the in vitro SOD-mimic assay resulted in the IC(50) values equal to 8.13 μM (1) and 0.71 μM (2).

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH