PURPOSE: Our objectives were to assess the abnormalities of subcortical nuclei by combining volume and shape analyses and potential association with cognitive impairment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with severe ACS of the unilateral internal carotid artery and 31 controls were enrolled between January 2017 to August 2018. All participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, blood lipid biochemical measurements, and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure subcortical volumes and sub-regional shape deformations. Basic statistics, correction for multiple comparisons. Seventeen ACS patients underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) within one week after baseline measurements, cognitive assessments and MRI scans were repeated 6 months after CEA. RESULTS: The ACS patients had higher apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoB/ApoA1) ratio and worse performance in all cognitive domains than controls. Moreover, the ACS patients showed more profound thalamic atrophy assessed by shape and volume analysis, especially in the medial dorsal thalamus. No significant differences were found in other subcortical nuclei after multiple comparisons correction. At baseline, thalamic atrophy correlated with cognitive impairment and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. Furthermore, mediation analysis at baseline showed that the association of carotid intima-media thickness with executive functioning was mediated by thalamic volume. After CEA, cognitive improvement and increase in the bilateral medial dorsal thalamic volume were observed. CONCLUSION: Our study identified the distinct atrophy of subcortical nuclei and their association with cognition in patients with ACS. Assessments of the thalamus by volumetric and shape analysis may provide an early marker for cerebral ischemia and reperfusion after CEA.

• Klíčová slova
• asymptomatic carotid stenosis, cognitive impairment, endarterectomy, magnetic resonance imaging, thalamus,
• MeSH
• asymptomatické nemoci MeSH
• atrofie MeSH
• intimomediální šíře tepenné stěny MeSH
• karotická endarterektomie metody   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * diagnóza   etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stenóza arteria carotis * komplikace   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• thalamus * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• velikost orgánu MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Leoligin is a natural lignan found in Edelweiss (Leontopodium nivale ssp. alpinum). The aim of this study was to examine its influence on cholesterol efflux and to address the underlying mechanism of action. Leoligin increases apo A1- as well as 1% human plasma-mediated cholesterol efflux in THP-1 macrophages without affecting cell viability as determined by resazurin conversion. Western blot analysis revealed that the protein levels of the cholesterol efflux transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 were upregulated, whereas the SR-B1 protein level remained unchanged upon treatment with leoligin (10 μM, 24 h). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR further uncovered that leoligin also increased ABCA1 and ABCG1 mRNA levels without affecting the half-life of the two mRNAs in the presence of actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor. Proteome analysis revealed the modulation of protein expression fingerprint in the presence of leoligin. Taken together, these results suggest that leoligin induces cholesterol efflux in THP-1-derived macrophages by upregulating ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression. This novel activity suggests leoligin as a promising candidate for further studies addressing a possible preventive or therapeutic application in the context of atherosclerosis.

• MeSH
• ABC transportéry metabolismus   MeSH
• Asteraceae chemie   MeSH
• ateroskleróza MeSH
• biologický transport MeSH
• daktinomycin farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lignany chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• makrofágy metabolismus   MeSH
• messenger RNA metabolismus   MeSH
• molekulární struktura MeSH
• oxaziny metabolismus   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• sirotčí receptory metabolismus   MeSH
• western blotting MeSH
• xantheny metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ABC transportéry MeSH
• daktinomycin MeSH
• leoligin MeSH Prohlížeč
• lignany MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH
• oxaziny MeSH
• resazurin MeSH Prohlížeč
• sirotčí receptory MeSH
• xantheny MeSH