Anthracyclines are a class of pharmaceuticals used in cancer treatment have the potential to negatively impact the environment. To study the possibilities of anthracyclines (represented by pirarubicin and valrubicin) removal, chemical inactivation using NaOH (0.01 M) and NaClO (5%) as decontamination agents and adsorption to powdered nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) were compared. The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared via homogeneous precipitation of an aqueous solution of titanium (IV) oxy-sulfate (TiOSO4) at different amount (5-120 g) with urea. The as-prepared TiO2 samples were characterized by XRD, HRSEM and nitrogen physisorption. The adsorption process of anthracycline cytostatics was determined followed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and an in-situ Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) technique. It was found that NaClO decomposes anthracyclines to form various transformation products (TPs). No TPs were identified after the reaction of valrubicin with a NaOH solution as well as in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles. The best degree of removal, 100% of pirarubicin and 85% of valrubicin, has been achieved in a sample with 120 grams of TiOSO4 (TIT120) and TiO2 with 60 grams (TIT60), respectively.

• MeSH
• adsorpce MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• chlornan sodný chemie   MeSH
• cytostatické látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• dekontaminace metody   MeSH
• doxorubicin analogy a deriváty   chemie   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• hydrolýza MeSH
• hydroxid sodný chemie   MeSH
• krystalizace MeSH
• nanostruktury chemie   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• titan chemie   MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• chlornan sodný MeSH
• cytostatické látky MeSH
• doxorubicin MeSH
• hydroxid sodný MeSH
• pirarubicin MeSH Prohlížeč
• titan MeSH
• titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč
• valrubicin MeSH Prohlížeč

INTRODUCTION: Macrocrystalline oxides of alkaline earth metals (Mg and Ca) or light metals (Al and Ti) can respond to standard warfare agents such as sulfur mustard, soman, or agent VX. In this paper, we compared the decontamination ability of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) for nitrogen mustards (cyclophosphamide [CP] and ifosfamide [IFOS]) with a new procedure using a destructive sorbent based on nanocrystalline and nanodispersive titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a new efficient and cheap material for complete decontamination of surfaces. METHODS: Titanium (IV) dioxide nanoparticles were prepared by the homogeneous hydrolysis of titanium(IV) oxysulfate (TiOSO4) with urea. The as-prepared TiO2 nanoparticles were used for the fast and safe decontamination of cytostatics from the nitrogen mustard family (CP and IFOS) in water. The adsorption-degradation process of cytostatics in the presence of TiO2 was compared with decontamination agents (0.01 M solution of sodium hydroxide and 5% solution of sodium hypochlorite). The mechanism of the decontamination process and the degradation efficiency were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. RESULTS: It was demonstrated that a 0.01 M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) decomposes CP to 3-((amino(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phosphoryl)oxy)propanoic acid and sodium hypochlorite formed two reaction products, namely, IFOS and 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide. IFOS is cytotoxic, and 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide is a known metabolite of CP after its partial metabolism by CYP/CYP450. IFOS degrades in the pres¬ence of NaOH to toxic IFOS mustard. Titanium(IV) dioxide nanoparticles adsorbed on its surface CP after 5 minutes and on IFOS after 10 minutes. The adsorption-degradation process of CP in water and in the presence of TiO2 led to 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide and IFOS, respectively, which decayed to oxidation product 4-hydroxy-ifosfamide. CONCLUSION: Nanodispersive TiO2 is an effective degradation agent for decontamination of surfaces from cytostatics in medical facilities.

• Klíčová slova
• cyclophosphamide, decontamination agents, degradation, ifosfamide, ifosfamide mustard, titanium(IV) dioxide,
• MeSH
• alkylační protinádorové látky chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• cyklofosfamid chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• cytostatické látky chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• dekontaminace metody   MeSH
• ifosfamid chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nanočástice chemie   MeSH
• titan chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alkylační protinádorové látky MeSH
• cyklofosfamid MeSH
• cytostatické látky MeSH
• ifosfamid MeSH
• titan MeSH
• titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč