A 4.2-kb SphI-BamHI fragment of chromosomal DNA from Streptomyces granaticolor was cloned and shown to encode a protein with significant sequence similarity to the eukaryotic protein serine/threonine kinases. It consists of 701 amino acids and in the N-terminal part contains all conserved catalytic domains of protein kinases. The C-terminal domain of Pkg2 contains seven tandem repeats of 11 or 12 amino acids with similarity to the tryptophan-docking motif known to stabilize a symmetrical three-dimensional structure called a propeller structure. The pkg2 gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene product (Pkg2) has been found to be autophosphorylated at serine and threonine residues. The N- and C-terminal parts of Pkg2 are separated with a hydrophobic stretch of 21 amino acids which translocated a PhoA fusion protein into the periplasm. Thus, Pkg2 is the first transmembrane protein serine/threonine kinase described for streptomycetes. Replacement of the pkg2 gene by the spectinomycin resistance gene resulted in changes in the morphology of aerial hyphae.

• MeSH
• bakteriální geny MeSH
• DNA bakterií genetika   MeSH
• DNA primery genetika   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   MeSH
• exprese genu MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fosforylace MeSH
• klonování DNA MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy chemie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• rekombinantní fúzní proteiny chemie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• restrikční mapování MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• sekvenční homologie aminokyselin MeSH
• Streptomyces enzymologie   genetika   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• DNA primery MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy MeSH
• rekombinantní fúzní proteiny MeSH

Using the examples of biosynthesis of streptomycin, bialaphos, actinorhodin, oligoketides and autoregulators during the first hours of streptomycete cultivation, it is stressed that the external environment in cooperation with the internal metabolic abilities of the cell determines the metabolic type that would develop during the life cycle of the producing streptomycetes. If we accept that a certain metabolic type (from the point of view of the production of secondary metabolites) was determined already during the first hours of cultivation of the microorganisms, we must also admit that the availability of primary metabolites in the so-called production phase of growth (stationary phase, idiophase, etc.) is to a certain extent determined by the very early stages of strain development.

• MeSH
• anthrachinony metabolismus   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky biosyntéza   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• organofosforové sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií MeSH
• Streptomyces fyziologie   MeSH
• streptomycin biosyntéza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• actinorhodin MeSH Prohlížeč
• anthrachinony MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• bialaphos MeSH Prohlížeč
• organofosforové sloučeniny MeSH
• streptomycin MeSH

Bacteria harbor three different protein-phosphorylating systems which regulate distinct physiological processes: first, the nucleotide-dependent system which modifies hydroxyl groups of amino acids in protein substrates; second, the two-component system which involves both sensor kinase and response regulator; third, the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system. These systems share a number of structural and functional similarities with the protein-phosphorylating systems of eukaryotes.

• MeSH
• Bacteria metabolismus   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• biologická adaptace MeSH
• eukaryotické buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• fosfoenolpyruvát-cukr-fosfotransferasový systém metabolismus   MeSH
• fosforylace MeSH
• prokaryotické buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• proteinkinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• tyrosinkinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• fosfoenolpyruvát-cukr-fosfotransferasový systém MeSH
• proteinkinasy MeSH
• tyrosinkinasy MeSH