Cells are equipped with a diverse network of signaling and regulatory proteins that function as cell cycle regulators and checkpoint proteins to ensure the proper progression of cell division. A key regulator of cell division is polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family that plays an important role in regulating the mitotic and meiotic cell cycle. The phosphorylation of specific substrates mediated by PLK1 controls nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD), centrosome maturation, proper spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis. In mammalian oogenesis, PLK1 is essential for resuming meiosis before ovulation and for establishing the meiotic spindle. Among other potential roles, PLK1 regulates the localized translation of spindle-enriched mRNAs by phosphorylating and thereby inhibiting the translational repressor 4E-BP1, a downstream target of the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway. In this review, we summarize the functions of PLK1 in mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis and focus on the role of PLK1 in regulating mRNA translation. However, knowledge of the role of PLK1 in the regulation of meiosis remains limited.

• Klíčová slova
• PLK1, mRNA translation, meiosis, mitosis, oocytes, polo-like kinase 1, spindle,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• meióza MeSH
• mitóza MeSH
• polo-like kinasa 1 MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy * metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny buněčného cyklu * metabolismus   MeSH
• protoonkogenní proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy * MeSH
• proteiny buněčného cyklu * MeSH
• protoonkogenní proteiny MeSH

The degradation of maternally provided molecules is a very important process during early embryogenesis. However, the vast majority of studies deals with mRNA degradation and protein degradation is only a very little explored process yet. The aim of this article was to summarize current knowledge about the protein degradation during embryogenesis of mammals. In addition to resuming of known data concerning mammalian embryogenesis, we tried to fill the gaps in knowledge by comparison with facts known about protein degradation in early embryos of non-mammalian species. Maternal protein degradation seems to be driven by very strict rules in terms of specificity and timing. The degradation of some maternal proteins is certainly necessary for the normal course of embryonic genome activation (EGA) and several concrete proteins that need to be degraded before major EGA have been already found. Nevertheless, the most important period seems to take place even before preimplantation development-during oocyte maturation. The defects arisen during this period seems to be later irreparable.

• Klíčová slova
• Autophagy, Embryonic genome activation, Maternal to zygotic transition, Proteasome system, Ubiquitin, Ubiquitin ligase,
• MeSH
• embryo nesavčí metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• embryo savčí metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• embryonální vývoj fyziologie   MeSH
• genom fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oocyty metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• vývojová regulace genové exprese fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny MeSH