Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels lead to atherosclerosis and platelet hyperaggregability, both of which are known culprits of arterial thrombosis. Normalization of LDL cholesterol in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is not an easy task and frequently requires specific treatment, such as regularly performed lipid apheresis and/or novel drugs such as proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 monoclonal antibodies (PCSK9Ab). Moreover, a high resistance rate to the first-line antiplatelet drug acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) stimulated research of novel antiplatelet drugs. 4-methylcatechol (4-MC), a known metabolite of several dietary flavonoids, may be a suitable candidate. The aim of this study was to analyse the antiplatelet effect of 4-MC in FH patients and to compare its impact on two FH treatment modalities via whole-blood impedance aggregometry. When compared to age-matched, generally healthy controls, the antiplatelet effect of 4-MC against collagen-induced aggregation was higher in FH patients. Apheresis itself improved the effect of 4-MC on platelet aggregation and blood from patients treated with this procedure and pretreated with 4-MC had lower platelet aggregability when compared to those solely treated with PCKS9Ab. Although this study had some inherent limitations, e.g., a low number of patients and possible impact of administered drugs, it confirmed the suitability of 4-MC as a promising antiplatelet agent and also demonstrated the effect of 4-MC in patients with a genetic metabolic disease for the first time.

• Klíčová slova
• 4-methylcathechol, familial hypercholesterolemia, lipid apheresis, platelet,
• MeSH
• hyperlipoproteinemie typ II * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• proproteinkonvertasa subtilisin/kexin typu 9 MeSH
• proproteinkonvertasy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• separace krevních složek * metody   MeSH
• subtilisin MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 4-methylcatechol MeSH Prohlížeč
• LDL-cholesterol MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky MeSH
• proproteinkonvertasa subtilisin/kexin typu 9 MeSH
• proproteinkonvertasy MeSH
• subtilisin MeSH

Interest in understanding the mechanisms of the positive effects of dietary phenolic and polyphenolic compounds on human health has markedly increased in recent years [...].

• MeSH
• dieta * MeSH
• fenoly * farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• úvodníky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fenoly * MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH

Regular intake of polyphenol-rich food has been associated with a wide variety of beneficial health effects, including the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, the parent flavonoids have mostly low bioavailability and, hence, their metabolites have been hypothesized to be bioactive. One of these metabolites, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA), formed by the gut microbiota, was previously reported to exert vasorelaxant effects ex vivo. The aim of this study was to shed more light on this effect in vivo, and to elucidate the mechanism of action. 3-HPAA gave rise to a dose-dependent decrease in arterial blood pressure when administered i.v. both as a bolus and infusion to spontaneously hypertensive rats. In contrast, no significant changes in heart rate were observed. In ex vivo experiments, where porcine hearts from a slaughterhouse were used to decrease the need for laboratory animals, 3-HPAA relaxed precontracted porcine coronary artery segments via a mechanism partially dependent on endothelium integrity. This relaxation was significantly impaired after endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibition. In contrast, the blockade of SKCa or IKCa channels, or muscarinic receptors, did not affect 3-HPAA relaxation. Similarly, no effects of 3-HPAA on cyclooxygenase nor L-type calcium channels were observed. Thus, 3-HPAA decreases blood pressure in vivo via vessel relaxation, and this mechanism might be based on the release of nitric oxide by the endothelial layer.

• Klíčová slova
• 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, artery, blood pressure, coronary, flavonoids, gut microbiota, metabolite, pig, rat, vasorelaxation,
• MeSH
• fenylacetáty farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• fenylacetáty MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH