Regular physical exercise is beneficial to the body. Acute exercise causes oxidant stress in many tissues including the liver by creating an unbalanced status between oxidant and antioxidant levels. Analgesic drugs are commonly consumed to reduce the pain after exercise. Acetaminophen (APAP), commonly used as an over-the-counter analgesic, can cause hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of APAP at subtoxic dose, which is given after the acute and exhaustive exercise on the rat livers. Male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into 6 groups each consisting of 7 rats/group; Control, APAP (250 mg/kg, ip), Acute Exercise (AEx), Acute Exhaustive Exercise (AEEx), Acute Exercise and APAP (AEx+APAP) and Acute Exhaustive Exercise and APAP (AEEx+APAP) groups. Rats were exercised at moderate intensity or exhaustive on the treadmill and then received APAP. Tissue MDA levels were significantly increased in AEEx, AEx+APAP and AEEx+APAP groups compared with the control. There was no significant difference in GSH levels between groups. Tissue Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) levels of APAP, AEx and AEEx groups were significantly less than control. There was no significant difference between groups in VEGF levels. Liver damage score was significantly higher in all groups compared with control group. As a result, this study shows that subtoxic dose of APAP treatment alone or in combination with acute or exhaustive treadmill exercise can cause oxidative liver damage by affecting Sirt1 levels and without affecting VEGF levels.

• MeSH
• analgetika metabolismus   MeSH
• játra metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lékové postižení jater * etiologie   prevence a kontrola   metabolismus   MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• oxidancia MeSH
• paracetamol * toxicita   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• sirtuin 1 metabolismus   MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• analgetika MeSH
• oxidancia MeSH
• paracetamol * MeSH
• sirtuin 1 MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A MeSH

Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis Brum. f) can directly influence female reproduction, but whether rooibos can influence the response of ovarian cells to FSH and whether the rooibos effects are due to the presence of quercetin remain unknown. We compared the influence of rooibos extract and quercetin (both at 10 µg/ml-1) on porcine ovarian granulosa cells cultured with and without FSH (0, 1, 10 or 100 ng/ml-1). The expression of intracellular proliferation (PCNA, cyclin B1) and apoptosis (bax, caspase 3) markers in the cells was detected by immunocytochemistry. The release of progesterone (P), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E) were evaluated with ELISAs. Administration of both rooibos and quercetin reduced the accumulation of proliferation markers and promoted the accumulation of apoptosis markers and the release of T and E. Rooibos stimulated, but quercetin inhibited, P output. Administration of FSH increased the accumulation of proliferation markers, decreased the accumulation of apoptosis markers, promoted the release of P and T, and had a biphasic effect on E output. The addition of both rooibos and quercetin mitigated or prevented the main effects of FSH. The present observations suggest a direct influence of both rooibos and quercetin on basic ovarian functions - proliferation, apoptosis, steroidogenesis and response to FSH. The similarity in the major effects of rooibos and its constituent quercetin indicates that quercetin could be the molecule responsible for the main rooibos effects on the ovary. The potential anti-reproductive effects of rooibos and rooibos constituent quercetin, should be taken into account in animal and human nutrition.

• MeSH
• Aspalathus * MeSH
• estradiol farmakologie   MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ovarium * MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• quercetin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• estradiol MeSH
• folikuly stimulující hormon MeSH
• quercetin MeSH

In the present study, we investigated the effect of acrylamide (ACR) exposure during pregnancy on the ovary of female adult offspring of two subsequent generations. Sixty-day-old Wistar albino female rats were given different doses of ACR (2.5 and 10 mg/kg/day) from day 6 of pregnancy until giving birth. Females from the first generation (AF1) were fed ad libitum, and thereafter, a subgroup was euthanized at 8 weeks of age and ovary samples were obtained. The remaining females were maintained until they reached sexual maturity (50 days old) and then treated in the same way as the previous generation to obtain the second generation of females (AF2). The histopathological examination indicated a high frequency of corpora lutea along with an increased number of antral follicles that reached the selectable stage mainly at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day. Interestingly, ACR exposure significantly increased the mRNA levels of CYP19 gene and its corresponding CYP19 protein expression in AF1 females. The TUNEL assay showed a significantly high rate of apoptosis in stromal cells except for dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day. However, in AF2 females, ACR exposure significantly increased the number of degenerating follicles and cysts while the number of growing follicles was reduced. Moreover, in both ACR-treated groups, estradiol-producing enzyme CYP19A gene and its corresponding protein were significantly reduced, and an excessive apoptosis was produced. We concluded that the ovarian condition of AF1 females had considerable similarity to the typical early perimenopausal stage, whereas that of AF2 females was similar to the late perimenopausal stage in women.

• MeSH
• akrylamid toxicita   MeSH
• apoptóza MeSH
• aromatasa * genetika   MeSH
• furylfuramid MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• poměr pohlaví MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice * chemicky indukované   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• akrylamid MeSH
• aromatasa * MeSH
• furylfuramid MeSH

The objective of this study was to examine the direct effects of the medicinal plant fennel (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.) on basic functions of ovarian cells, including proliferation, apoptosis, and response to the physiological hormonal stimulator, ghrelin. In the first series of experiments, porcine ovarian granulosa cells were cultured with (1, 10, 100 µg/ml) or without fennel extract. In the second series of experiments, cells were cultured with (1, 10, 100 ng/ml) or without ghrelin, alone or in combination with fennel extract (10 µg/ml). Expression of the proliferation marker, PCNA, and the apoptosis marker, bax, were analyzed via quantitative immunocytochemical methods. Fennel stimulated the accumulation of the proliferation marker, and suppressed the expression of the apoptosis marker. Ghrelin alone promoted proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cells. The presence of fennel inhibited these ghrelin effects. These observations provide the first demonstration of (1) effects of fennel on farm animal reproduction, (2) direct effects of fennel on ovarian cells, (3) the ability of fennel to promote ovarian cell proliferation, to inhibit ovarian cell apoptosis, and to enhance the ovarian cell proliferation:apoptosis ratio. Furthermore, our results (4) confirm the involvement of ghrelin in the control of ovarian cell apoptosis and proliferation, and (5) demonstrate the ability of fennel to affect not only ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis, but also to suppress the responses of ovarian cells to the upstream hormonal regulator ghrelin. Our results indicate the potential applicability of fennel as a bio-stimulator of farm animal reproduction.

• MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   MeSH
• Foeniculum * chemie   MeSH
• folikulární buňky účinky léků   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• ghrelin farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• proliferační antigen buněčného jádra metabolismus   MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 metabolismus   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• Sus scrofa MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ghrelin MeSH
• GHRL protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• proliferační antigen buněčného jádra MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH