In the present study, we investigated the effect of acrylamide (ACR) exposure during pregnancy on the ovary of female adult offspring of two subsequent generations. Sixty-day-old Wistar albino female rats were given different doses of ACR (2.5 and 10 mg/kg/day) from day 6 of pregnancy until giving birth. Females from the first generation (AF1) were fed ad libitum, and thereafter, a subgroup was euthanized at 8 weeks of age and ovary samples were obtained. The remaining females were maintained until they reached sexual maturity (50 days old) and then treated in the same way as the previous generation to obtain the second generation of females (AF2). The histopathological examination indicated a high frequency of corpora lutea along with an increased number of antral follicles that reached the selectable stage mainly at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day. Interestingly, ACR exposure significantly increased the mRNA levels of CYP19 gene and its corresponding CYP19 protein expression in AF1 females. The TUNEL assay showed a significantly high rate of apoptosis in stromal cells except for dose of 2.5 mg/kg/day. However, in AF2 females, ACR exposure significantly increased the number of degenerating follicles and cysts while the number of growing follicles was reduced. Moreover, in both ACR-treated groups, estradiol-producing enzyme CYP19A gene and its corresponding protein were significantly reduced, and an excessive apoptosis was produced. We concluded that the ovarian condition of AF1 females had considerable similarity to the typical early perimenopausal stage, whereas that of AF2 females was similar to the late perimenopausal stage in women.
- MeSH
- akrylamid toxicita MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- aromatasa * genetika MeSH
- furylfuramid MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poměr pohlaví MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice * chemicky indukované MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- akrylamid MeSH
- aromatasa * MeSH
- furylfuramid MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Acrylamide is a toxic compound that can be found it both occupational and non-occupational environments. This study focuses on its sources and health effects of its exposure. METHODS: Adverse effects of acrylamide, especially carcinogenic, genotoxic, and teratogenic were reported in many studies conducted on animals. Neurotoxicity was reported in workers exposed to acrylamide in the occupational environment. Another important source of populations' exposure to acrylamide is their nutrition. RESULTS: This study focuses on humans' exposure to acrylamide from various sources and its harmful effects on their health. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intake of acrylamide, as well as occupational exposure, cigarette smoking, cosmetics usage and other environmental sources could have a significant effect on human health.
- Klíčová slova
- acrylamide, carcinogen, neurotoxin, occupational exposure, polyacrylamide,
- MeSH
- akrylamid * toxicita MeSH
- karcinogeny toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nutriční stav účinky léků MeSH
- poškození DNA účinky léků MeSH
- pracovní expozice * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- akrylamid * MeSH
- karcinogeny MeSH
Acrylamide (AA) is one of the most common toxins in foods. Its effect on bone microstructure has not been investigated. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of acute exposure to AA on femoral bone microstructure in mice. Adult animals were treated perorally with 2 doses of AA (E1 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 24-h period and with 3 doses of AA (E2 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 48-h period. Mice exposed to AA had smaller sizes of primary osteon's vascular canals. Secondary osteons were significantly smaller in mice from E2 group; however their increased number (from 38 % to 77 %) was identified in both E1 and E2 groups. In these groups, a higher number of resorption lacunae (from 100 % to 122 %) was also found. The values for bone volume, trabecular number were increased and that for trabecular separation was decreased in mice administered AA. Significantly higher value of bone surface was observed in mice from E1 group whereas trabecular thickness was increased in E2 group. The effect of AA on microstructure of compact and trabecular bone tissues is different. In our study, one dose of AA was used and acute effects of AA were investigated. Therefore, further studies are needed to study mechanisms by which AA acts on bone.
- MeSH
- akrylamid toxicita MeSH
- femur diagnostické zobrazování účinky léků patologie MeSH
- kontaminace potravin * MeSH
- kortikální kost diagnostické zobrazování účinky léků patologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- rentgenová mikrotomografie MeSH
- trabekulární kostní tkáň diagnostické zobrazování účinky léků patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- akrylamid MeSH
BACKGROUND: The present study tested whether replacement of the leavening agent ammonium carbonate by sodium hydrogen carbonate in combination with calcium cation and acidifying agent will synergically decrease acrylamide (AA) content in gingerbread. RESULTS: The type of leavening agent and the presence of Ca2+ and citric acid accounted for 33.6%, 13.2% and 53.2% of the explained variability of the AA content, respectively (P < 0.01). The AA content in gingerbread produced with (NH4 )2 CO3 alone was 186.5 µg kg-1 . Irrespective of other tested additives, NaHCO3 decreased (P < 0.05) AA content to 42% compared to (NH4 )2 CO3 . Combination of NaHCO3 + CaCl2 + citric acid in dough reduced (P < 0.05) AA content below the limit of detection (25 µg kg-1 ). The AA content in gingerbread (y; µg kg-1 ) decreased with an increasing number of additives used (x) according to the equation y = 158.8 - 47.94x (r2 = 0.42; P < 0.0001). A comprehensive sensory analysis did not indicate any significant deterioration (P > 0.05) in the organoleptic quality of gingerbread produced using calcium cation and citric acid. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that the combination of additives NaHCO3 /Ca2+ /citric acid synergically decreases AA content in gingerbread without compromising the sensory quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
- Klíčová slova
- acrylamide, additives, food safety, gingerbread, honey, sensory analysis,
- MeSH
- akrylamid analýza antagonisté a inhibitory chemie toxicita MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- chemické jevy MeSH
- chlorid vápenatý škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- chování spotřebitelů MeSH
- čití, cítění MeSH
- hydrogenuhličitan sodný škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kontaminace potravin prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kvalita jídla * MeSH
- kyselina citronová škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Maillardova reakce MeSH
- mechanické jevy MeSH
- potravinářské přísady škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- preference v jídle MeSH
- průmyslově zpracované potraviny škodlivé účinky analýza MeSH
- uhličitany škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- vaření * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Názvy látek
- akrylamid MeSH
- ammonium carbonate MeSH Prohlížeč
- chlorid vápenatý MeSH
- hydrogenuhličitan sodný MeSH
- kyselina citronová MeSH
- potravinářské přísady MeSH
- uhličitany MeSH
