Plant diversity can alter soil carbon stocks, but the effects are difficult to predict due to the multitude of mechanisms involved. We propose that these mechanisms and their outcomes can be better understood by testing how plant diversity affects particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) depending on whether MAOM storage is "saturated" and the total soil organic matter pool is limited by plant inputs. Such context-dependency of plant-diversity effects on POM, MAOM, and total soil organic matter helps explain inconsistencies in plant-diversity-soil-carbon relationships across studies. Further illumination of this context-dependency is required to better predict consequences of biodiversity losses and gains, and manage ecosystems as carbon sinks and nutrient stores.

• MeSH
• Biodiversity * MeSH
• Ecosystem MeSH
• Minerals * analysis   chemistry   MeSH
• Organic Chemicals * analysis   MeSH
• Particulate Matter * analysis   MeSH
• Soil * chemistry   MeSH
• Plants * metabolism   classification   MeSH
• Carbon Sequestration MeSH
• Carbon analysis   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Minerals * MeSH
• Organic Chemicals * MeSH
• Particulate Matter * MeSH
• Soil * MeSH
• Carbon MeSH