Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as the combination of excess fat mass (obesity) and low skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia). The identification and classification of factors related to SO would favor better prevention and diagnosis. The present article aimed to (i) define a list of factors related with SO based on literature analysis, (ii) identify clinical conditions linked with SO development from literature search and (iii) evaluate their relevance and the potential research gaps by consulting an expert panel. From 4746 articles screened, 240 articles were selected for extraction of the factors associated with SO. Factors were classified according to their frequency in the literature. Clinical conditions were also recorded. Then, they were evaluated by a panel of expert for evaluation of their relevance in SO development. Experts also suggested additional factors. Thirty-nine unique factors were extracted from the papers and additional eleven factors suggested by a panel of experts in the SO field. The frequency in the literature showed insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, lack of exercise training, inflammation and hypertension as the most frequent factors associated with SO whereas experts ranked low spontaneous physical activity, protein and energy intakes, low exercise training and aging as the most important. Although literature and expert panel presented some differences, this first list of associated factors could help to identify patients at risk of SO. Further work is needed to confirm the contribution of factors associated with SO among the population overtime or in randomized controlled trials to demonstrate causality.
- Klíčová slova
- Chronic diseases, Disability, Obesity, Risk factors, Sarcopenia,
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- hlasování MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence MeSH
- kosterní svaly patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * komplikace MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- sarkopenie * MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This paper investigates changes in political participation following a disaster. Drawing on the electoral results and flood declarations after the 2010 flood in Slovakia, a dataset was constructed that illustrates when and how often each municipality was affected by disastrous conditions before the elections. The analysis revealed that experiencing a flood significantly increased the level of political participation in a municipality. However, the effect of flooding on elections is conditional. First, significantly higher turnout occurs only when a flood affects the municipality on election day. Second, repeated flooding before the elections does not change the overall participation rate. In contrast, it is the one-time, continuous extreme weather event that most mobilises voters. Third, only severely affected municipalities demonstrated a significant turnout effect. Lastly, the timing variable is crucial in determining the impact of repetition and severity. This paper distinguishes between different kinds of flood events that can influence disaster behaviour.
يوجد وفرة من البيانات غير المنظمة والمنظمة تنظيماً فضفاضاً عن الكوارث والتي يمكن تحليلها باستخدام الطرق الشبكية. تلخص هذه الورقة استخدام البيانات النوعية في التحليل الكمي للشبكات الاجتماعية في أبحاث الكوارث. نناقش نوعين من الشبكات، لكل منهما موضوع رئيسي ذو صلة في أبحاث الكوارث (على سبيل المثال نهج الشبكة الكاملة لشبكات إدارة الطوارئ ونهج الشبكة الشخصية للدعم الاجتماعي للناجين) وأربعة أشكال قابلة للاستخدام من البيانات النوعية. نوضح خمس فرص تتيحها هذه الأساليب تدور حول مرونتها وقدرتها على حساب هياكل الشبكات المعقدة. ثم نقدم بعد ذلك توضيحاً تجريبياً يوسع عملنا السابق الذي يدرس مصادر الدعم وأنواعه والحواجز الذي تعاني منها الأسر خلال التعافي طويل الأمد من العاصفة العاتية ساندي، حيث استخدمنا التحليل الكمي للشبكة الاجتماعية على مجموعتين من البيانات النوعية (لي وآخرون، 2020). نناقش ثلاثة تحديات لهذه الأساليب المتعلقة بالعينات والترميز والتحيز. الكلمات المفتاحية: الكوارث، بيانات نوعية، تحليلات كمية، طرق البحث، تحليل الشبكات الاجتماعية.
INTRODUCTION: Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for the morbid obesity. It provides sustained weight loss as well as demonstrated positive effects on obesity-related comorbidities. The number of procedures performed worldwide has seen a sharp increase in the past twenty years. Therefore, an effort has been developed to establish a consensus in perioperative care based on best evidence. METHODS: The working group of the Joint Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Section of the Czech Surgery Society and Czech Society of Obesitology prepared clinical practice guidelines for the ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) concept in perioperative care in bariatric surgery. The working group based its guidelines on ERAS guidelines published in 2021. The working group adopted the original text and then adapted the text and added its comments to specific items as appropriate. Electronic voting of all members of the working group was the final phase, by which the strength of consensus was expressed with respect to individual elements of the guidelines. RESULTS: The Czech working group reached a consensus with ERABS (enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery) guidelines for most elements. The quality of evidence is low for some interventions of the ERAS protocol for bariatric surgery. Therefore, extrapolation from other surgeries and fields is needed for evidence-based practice. CONCLUSION: The guidelines are intended for clinical practice in bariatric surgery with the ERAS protocol based on updated evidence and guidelines. It is based on recent and comprehensive ERAS guidelines adopted and adapted by the Czech working group of the Joint Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Section of the Czech Surgery Society and Czech Society of Obesitology. Some supplementations and specifications are reflected in comments added to the Czech version.
- Klíčová slova
- Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, bariatric and metabolic surgery, guidelines for clinical practice,
- MeSH
- bariatrická chirurgie * metody MeSH
- hlasování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- morbidní obezita * chirurgie MeSH
- perioperační péče metody MeSH
- urychlená pooperační rehabilitace * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
