Chemotherapy is the most prominent route in cancer therapy for prolonging the lifespan of cancer patients. However, its non-target specificity and the resulting off-target cytotoxicities have been reported. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies using magnetic nanocomposites (MNCs) for magnetothermal chemotherapy may potentially improve the therapeutic outcome by increasing the target selectivity. In this review, magnetic hyperthermia therapy and magnetic targeting using drug-loaded MNCs are revisited, focusing on magnetism, the fabrication and structures of magnetic nanoparticles, surface modifications, biocompatible coating, shape, size, and other important physicochemical properties of MNCs, along with the parameters of the hyperthermia therapy and external magnetic field. Due to the limited drug-loading capacity and low biocompatibility, the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as drug delivery system has lost traction. In contrast, MNCs show higher biocompatibility, multifunctional physicochemical properties, high drug encapsulation, and multi-stages of controlled release for localized synergistic chemo-thermotherapy. Further, combining various forms of magnetic cores and pH-sensitive coating agents can generate a more robust pH, magneto, and thermo-responsive drug delivery system. Thus, MNCs are ideal candidate as smart and remotely guided drug delivery system due to a) their magneto effects and guide-ability by the external magnetic fields, b) on-demand drug release performance, and c) thermo-chemosensitization under an applied alternating magnetic field where the tumor is selectively incinerated without harming surrounding non-tumor tissues. Given the important effects of synthesis methods, surface modifications, and coating of MNCs on their anticancer properties, we reviewed the most recent studies on magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery systems in cancer therapy, and magnetothermal chemotherapy to provide insights on the current development of MNC-based anticancer nanocarrier.
- Klíčová slova
- external magnetic field, hyperthermia, magnetic nanoparticles, polymer-based magnetic nanocomposites, targeted cancer treatments,
- MeSH
- indukovaná hypertermie * metody MeSH
- lékové transportní systémy metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetické pole MeSH
- magnetismus MeSH
- nádory * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Magnetic polymer nanocomposites are inherently multifunctional and harbor assorted physiochemical actions for applications thereof as novel drug nanocarriers. Herein, Fe3O4-nanoparticles were supported on rice straw cellulose for 5-fluorouracil carrier abbreviated as MC/5-FU for potential colorectal cancer treatments. Several analyses indicated the multifunctional properties of MC/5-FU bionanocomposites. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy study demonstrated that Fe3O4 nanofillers covered the cellulose matrix. The drug release from MC/5-FU was evaluated under various pH and temperature conditions, showing the maximum release at pH 7.4 and 44.2 °C. In in vitro anticancer assay, MC/5-FU exhibited enhanced selectivity and anticancer actions against 2D monolayer and 3D tumour spheroid models colorectal cancer cells. The anticancer effects of MC/5-FU with magnetic targeting and heat induction were also examined. This easily synthesized MC/5-FU indicated the potential in application as a low-cost drug formulation for colorectal cancer treatments.
- Klíčová slova
- 5-Fluorouracil, Cellulose, Co-culture, Colorectal cancer, Composites, Drug carrier system, Fe(3)O(4)-nanoparticles, Microfluidic,
- MeSH
- buňky HT-29 MeSH
- celulosa chemie MeSH
- fluoruracil chemie farmakologie MeSH
- HCT116 buňky MeSH
- kolorektální nádory farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- lékové transportní systémy metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetické jevy MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice oxidů železa chemie MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací metody MeSH
- nanokompozity chemie MeSH
- nosiče léků chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakologie MeSH
- uvolňování léčiv MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- celulosa MeSH
- fluoruracil MeSH
- nosiče léků MeSH
- polymery MeSH
- protinádorové látky MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) with multiple functionalities are intriguing candidates for various biomedical applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study introduced a simple and green synthesis of Fe3O4 NPs using a low-cost stabilizer of plant waste extract rich in polyphenols content with a well-known antioxidant property as well as anticancer ability to eliminate colon cancer cells. Herein, Fe3O4 NPs were fabricated via a facile co-precipitation method using the crude extract of Garcinia mangostana fruit peel as a green stabilizer at different weight percentages (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt.%). The samples were analyzed for magnetic hyperthermia and then in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed. RESULTS: The XRD planes of the samples were corresponding to the standard magnetite Fe3O4 with high crystallinity. From TEM analysis, the green synthesized NPs were spherical with an average size of 13.42±1.58 nm and displayed diffraction rings of the Fe3O4 phase, which was in good agreement with the obtained XRD results. FESEM images showed that the extract covered the surface of the Fe3O4 NPs well. The magnetization values for the magnetite samples were ranging from 49.80 emu/g to 69.42 emu/g. FTIR analysis verified the functional groups of the extract compounds and their interactions with the NPs. Based on DLS results, the hydrodynamic sizes of the Fe3O4 nanofluids were below 177 nm. Furthermore, the nanofluids indicated the zeta potential values up to -34.92±1.26 mV and remained stable during four weeks of storage, showing that the extract favorably improved the colloidal stability of the Fe3O4 NPs. In the hyperthermia experiment, the magnetic nanofluids showed the acceptable specific absorption rate (SAR) values and thermosensitive performances under exposure of various alternating magnetic fields. From results of in vitro cytotoxicity assay, the killing effects of the synthesized samples against HCT116 colon cancer cells were mostly higher compared to those against CCD112 colon normal cells. Remarkably, the Fe3O4 NPs containing 10 wt.% of the extract showed a lower IC50 value (99.80 µg/mL) in HCT116 colon cancer cell line than in CCD112 colon normal cell line (140.80 µg/mL). DISCUSSION: This research, therefore, introduced a new stabilizer of Garcinia mangostana fruit peel extract for the biosynthesis of Fe3O4 NPs with desirable physiochemical properties for potential magnetic hyperthermia and colon cancer treatment.
- Klíčová slova
- Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Garcinia mangostana, cytotoxicity assay, green synthesis, magnetic hyperthermia,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- buněčná smrt účinky léků MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
- dynamický rozptyl světla MeSH
- Garcinia mangostana chemie MeSH
- hydrodynamika MeSH
- indukovaná hypertermie * MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- ovoce chemie MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- spektrometrie rentgenová emisní MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie metody MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice MeSH
- protinádorové látky MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
