The analysis of dietary supplements is far less regulated than pharmaceuticals, leading to potential quality issues. Considering their positive effect, many athletes consume supplements containing L-histidine and β-alanine. A new microfluidic method for the determination of L-histidine and β-alanine in dietary supplement formulations has been developed. For the first time, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection was employed for the microchip electrophoresis of amino acids in real samples. A linear relationship between detector response and concentration was observed in the range of 10-100 µmol L-1 for L-histidine (R2 = 0.9968) and β-alanine (R2 = 0.9954), while achieved limits of detection (3 × S/N ratio) were 4.2 µmol L-1 and 5.2 µmol L-1, respectively. The accuracy of the method was confirmed using recovery experiments as well as CE-UV-VIS and HPLC-UV-VIS techniques. The developed method allows unambiguous identification of amino acids in native form without chemical derivatization and with the possibility of simultaneous analysis of amino acids with metal cations.
- Klíčová slova
- l-Histidine, Amino acids, Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection, Dietary supplements, Microchip electrophoresis, β-Alanine,
- MeSH
- beta-alanin * analýza chemie MeSH
- elektrická vodivost * MeSH
- elektroforéza mikročipová * metody MeSH
- histidin * analýza chemie MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- potravní doplňky * analýza MeSH
- sklo chemie MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie metody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- beta-alanin * MeSH
- histidin * MeSH
Nanoparticles have drawn significant interest in a range of applications, ranging from biomedical to environmental sciences, due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. In this study, it was reported that simple biological production of Ag, Se, and bimetallic Ag2Se nanoparticles (NPs) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promising, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method. For the first time in the scientific literature, Ag2Se nanoparticles have been generated via green bacterial biosynthesis. UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and EDX were used to characterize the produced NPs. Biosynthesized NPs were examined for antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, and it was determined that the effects of NPs were dose dependent. The biosynthesized AgNPs, SeNPs, and Ag2Se NPs showed anti-microbial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of E. coli and S. aureus were between 150 and 250 µg/mL. The NPs showed antibiofilm activity against E. coli and S. aureus at sub-MIC levels and reduced biofilm formation by at least 80% at a concentration of 200 µg/mL of each NPs. To photocatalyze the breakdown of Congo red, Ag, Se, and Ag2Se NPs were utilized, and their photocatalytic activity was tested at various concentrations and intervals. A minor decrease of photocatalytic degradation was detected throughout the NPs reuse operation (five cycles). Based on the encouraging findings, the synthesized NPs demonstrated antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, suggesting that they might be used in pharmaceutical, medical, environmental, and other applications.
- Klíčová slova
- Ag, Ag2Se nanoparticles, Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, Photocatalytic, Se,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie chemická syntéza MeSH
- biofilmy * účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli * účinky léků MeSH
- katalýza MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa * účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- selen chemie farmakologie MeSH
- sloučeniny stříbra chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * účinky léků MeSH
- stříbro * chemie farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- selen MeSH
- sloučeniny stříbra MeSH
- stříbro * MeSH
This research paper presents a novel approach to the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using viticultural waste, allowing to obtain NP dispersions with distinct properties and morphologies (monodisperse and polydisperse AgNPs, referred to as mAgNPs and pAgNPs) and to compare their biological activities. Our synthesis method utilized the ethanolic extract of Vitis vinifera pruning residues, resulting in the production of mAgNPs and pAgNPs with average sizes of 12 ± 5 nm and 19 ± 14 nm, respectively. Both these AgNPs preparations demonstrated an exceptional stability in terms of size distribution, which was maintained for one year. Antimicrobial testing revealed that both types of AgNPs inhibited either the growth of planktonic cells or the metabolic activity of biofilm sessile cells in Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. No comparable activity was found towards Gram-positives. Overall, pAgNPs exhibited a higher antimicrobial efficacy compared to their monodisperse counterparts, suggesting that their size and shape may provide a broader spectrum of interactions with target cells. Both AgNP preparations showed no cytotoxicity towards a human keratinocyte cell line. Furthermore, in vivo tests using a silkworm animal model indicated the biocompatibility of the phytosynthesized AgNPs, as they had no adverse effects on insect larvae viability. These findings emphasize the potential of targeted AgNPs synthesized from viticultural waste as environmentally friendly antimicrobial agents with minimal impact on higher organisms.
- Klíčová slova
- Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Insect model, Silver nanoparticle, Vitis vinifera,
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie chemie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- bourec MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků MeSH
- keratinocyty účinky léků MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- kvasinky účinky léků MeSH
- larva účinky léků MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty farmakologie chemie MeSH
- stříbro * farmakologie chemie metabolismus MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Vitis * chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antiinfekční látky MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- stříbro * MeSH
PURPOSE: Affinisol HPMC HME is a new popular form of hypromellose specifically designed for the hot melt extrusion and 3D printing of pharmaceutical products. However, reports of its thermal stability include only data obtained under inert N2 atmosphere, which is not consistent with the common pharmaceutical practice. Therefore, detailed investigation of its real-life thermal stability in air is paramount for identification of potential risks and limitations during its high-temperature processing. METHODS: In this work, the Affinisol HPMC HME 15LV powder as well as extruded filaments will be investigated by means of thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy with respect to its thermal stability. RESULTS: The decomposition in N2 was proceeded in accordance with the literature data and manufacturer's specifications: onset at ~260°C at 0.5°C·min-1, single-step mass loss of 90-95%. However, in laboratory or industrial practice, high-temperature processing is performed in the air, where oxidation-induced degradation drastically changes. The thermogravimetric mass loss in air proceeded in three stages: ~ 5% mass loss with onset at 150°C, ~ 70% mass loss at 200°C, and ~ 15% mass loss at 380°C. Diffusion of O2 into the Affinisol material was identified as the rate-determining step. CONCLUSION: For extrusion temperatures ≥170°C, Affinisol exhibits a significant degree of degradation within the 5 min extruder retention time. Hot melt extrusion of pure Affinisol can be comfortably performed below this temperature. Utilization of plasticizers may be necessary for safe 3D printing.
- Klíčová slova
- DSC, TGA, affinisol, hot melt extrusion, thermal degradation,
- MeSH
- 3D tisk MeSH
- chemie farmaceutická * metody MeSH
- rozpustnost MeSH
- technologie extruze tavenin * MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- vysoká teplota MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
There is a growing interest in the potential and application of metal nanoparticles across many fields. A vast array of techniques for metal nanoparticle synthesis has been discovered; however, sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental concerns favor the green biological approach, using various plant and microbial sources. This review describes the diversity in green methods for nanoparticle biosynthesis, antimicrobial properties of metal nanoparticles and their potential applications. Metal nanoparticle biosynthesis by extracts and solutions obtained from plants, bacteria, fungi and templates such as viruses are discussed. As biosynthesized nanoparticles have been proven to possess antibacterial, antifungal, and even antiviral properties, these are discussed in detail, with silver and gold nanoparticles as the most studied and with the highest potential for medical application. The focus on prospective antimicrobial applications of nanoparticles stems from the arising resistance of many serious pathogens to traditional disinfectants and antibiotics. Other fields for the application of biosynthesized nanoparticles are also stated briefly, such as in agriculture as pesticides, in wastewater treatment and bioremediation. Finally, the limitations and safety issues connected with widespread use of nanoparticles are discussed.
- Klíčová slova
- Antimicrobial properties, Green methods, Limitations and safety, Metal nanoparticles biosynthesis, Nanoparticles application,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * farmakologie MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- rostliny MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie MeSH
- zlato MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- zlato MeSH
In today's time, nanotechnology is being utilized to develop efficient products in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The application of nanotechnology in transforming bioactive material into nanoscale products substantially improves their biocompatibility and enhances their effectiveness, even when used in lower quantities. There is a significant global market potential for these nanoparticles because of which research teams around the world are interested in the advancements in nanotechnology. These recent advances have shown that fungi can synthesize metallic nanoparticles via extra- and intracellular mechanisms. Moreover, the chemical and physical properties of novel metallic nanoparticles synthesised by fungi are improved by regulating the surface chemistry, size, and surface morphology of the nanoparticles. Compared to chemical synthesis, the green synthesis of nanoparticles offers a safe and sustainable approach for developing nanoparticles. Biosynthesised nanoparticles can potentially enhance the bioactivities of different cellular fractions, such as plant extracts, fungal extracts, and metabolites. The nanoparticles synthesised by fungi offer a wide range of applications. Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles using fungi has become popular, and various ways are being explored to maximize nanoparticles synthesis. This manuscript reviews the characteristics and applications of the nanoparticles synthesised using the different taxa of fungi. The key focus is given to the applications of these nanoparticles in medicine and cosmetology.
- Klíčová slova
- biological application, biosynthesis, fungi, nanoparticles, nanotechnology,
- MeSH
- houby MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- mykologie MeSH
- nanotechnologie MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Globally, many developing countries are facing silent epidemics of nutritional deficiencies in human beings and animals. The lack of diversity in diet, i.e., cereal-based crops deficient in mineral nutrients is an additional threat to nutritional quality. The present review accounts for the significance of biofortification as a process to enhance the productivity of crops and also an agricultural solution to address the issues of nutritional security. In this endeavor, different innovative and specific biofortification approaches have been discussed for nutrient enrichment of field crops including cereals, pulses, oilseeds and fodder crops. The agronomic approach increases the micronutrient density in crops with soil and foliar application of fertilizers including amendments. The biofortification through conventional breeding approach includes the selection of efficient genotypes, practicing crossing of plants with desirable nutritional traits without sacrificing agricultural and economic productivity. However, the transgenic/biotechnological approach involves the synthesis of transgenes for micronutrient re-translocation between tissues to enhance their bioavailability. Soil microorganisms enhance nutrient content in the rhizosphere through diverse mechanisms such as synthesis, mobilization, transformations and siderophore production which accumulate more minerals in plants. Different sources of micronutrients viz. mineral solutions, chelates and nanoparticles play a pivotal role in the process of biofortification as it regulates the absorption rates and mechanisms in plants. Apart from the quality parameters, biofortification also improved the crop yield to alleviate hidden hunger thus proving to be a sustainable and cost-effective approach. Thus, this review article conveys a message for researchers about the adequate potential of biofortification to increase crop productivity and nourish the crop with additional nutrient content to provide food security and nutritional quality to humans and livestock.
- Klíčová slova
- agronomic biofortification, gene modification, green technology, mineral dense field crops, nanotechnology, transgenic/biotechnological approach,
- MeSH
- biofortifikace metody MeSH
- biotechnologie MeSH
- celosvětové zdraví MeSH
- fortifikované potraviny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroživiny analýza MeSH
- minerály analýza chemie MeSH
- nanotechnologie MeSH
- nutriční hodnota MeSH
- podvýživa epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- průmyslová hnojiva MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- šlechtění rostlin MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zajištění potravin MeSH
- zemědělské plodiny chemie MeSH
- zemědělství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- mikroživiny MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- průmyslová hnojiva MeSH
- půda MeSH
In this study, a simple and green strategy was reported to prepare bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) by the combination of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO) using Sambucus nigra L. extract. The physicochemical properties of these NPs such as crystal structure, size, and morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results suggested that these NPs contained polygonal ZnO NPs with hexagonal phase and spherical CuO NPs with monoclinic phase. The anticancer activity of the prepared bimetallic NPs was evaluated against lung and human melanoma cell lines based on MTT assay. As a result, the bimetallic ZnO/CuO NPs exhibited high toxicity on melanoma cancer cells while their toxicity on lung cancer cells was low.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie farmakologie MeSH
- bez černý chemie MeSH
- buňky A549 MeSH
- cytotoxiny chemie farmakologie MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření metody MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- listy rostlin chemie MeSH
- měď chemie farmakologie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti metody MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- oxid zinečnatý chemie farmakologie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie farmakologie MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací metody MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie metody MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- cuprous oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
- cytotoxiny MeSH
- měď MeSH
- oxid zinečnatý MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
Cobalt oxide nanoparticles were prepared via green chemistry route and fully characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses; the CoO and Co3O4 nanoparticles, in sheet-shaped cobalt oxide form, ensued simultaneously in one step. The varying concentrations of NPs were analyzed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test on the cancer cell line (U87) which revealed that with increasing concentration of cobalt oxide nanoparticles, the survival rate of U87 tumor cells decreases; IC50 of nanoparticles being ~ 55 µg/ml-1.
- Klíčová slova
- Anticancer effect, Cancer cells, Cobalt oxide nanoparticles, Green synthesis,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky chemie MeSH
- antitumorózní látky farmakologie MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- kobalt chemie MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetismus MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nanomedicína metody MeSH
- nanotechnologie metody MeSH
- oxidy chemie MeSH
- povrchově aktivní látky MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- rozmarýn MeSH
- rozpustnost MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie metody MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- tetrazoliové soli chemie MeSH
- thiazoly chemie MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antitumorózní látky MeSH
- cobalt oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
- kobalt MeSH
- oxidy MeSH
- povrchově aktivní látky MeSH
- rosemary leaf extract MeSH Prohlížeč
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- tetrazoliové soli MeSH
- thiazoly MeSH
- thiazolyl blue MeSH Prohlížeč
INTRODUCTION: Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) with multiple functionalities are intriguing candidates for various biomedical applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study introduced a simple and green synthesis of Fe3O4 NPs using a low-cost stabilizer of plant waste extract rich in polyphenols content with a well-known antioxidant property as well as anticancer ability to eliminate colon cancer cells. Herein, Fe3O4 NPs were fabricated via a facile co-precipitation method using the crude extract of Garcinia mangostana fruit peel as a green stabilizer at different weight percentages (1, 2, 5, and 10 wt.%). The samples were analyzed for magnetic hyperthermia and then in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed. RESULTS: The XRD planes of the samples were corresponding to the standard magnetite Fe3O4 with high crystallinity. From TEM analysis, the green synthesized NPs were spherical with an average size of 13.42±1.58 nm and displayed diffraction rings of the Fe3O4 phase, which was in good agreement with the obtained XRD results. FESEM images showed that the extract covered the surface of the Fe3O4 NPs well. The magnetization values for the magnetite samples were ranging from 49.80 emu/g to 69.42 emu/g. FTIR analysis verified the functional groups of the extract compounds and their interactions with the NPs. Based on DLS results, the hydrodynamic sizes of the Fe3O4 nanofluids were below 177 nm. Furthermore, the nanofluids indicated the zeta potential values up to -34.92±1.26 mV and remained stable during four weeks of storage, showing that the extract favorably improved the colloidal stability of the Fe3O4 NPs. In the hyperthermia experiment, the magnetic nanofluids showed the acceptable specific absorption rate (SAR) values and thermosensitive performances under exposure of various alternating magnetic fields. From results of in vitro cytotoxicity assay, the killing effects of the synthesized samples against HCT116 colon cancer cells were mostly higher compared to those against CCD112 colon normal cells. Remarkably, the Fe3O4 NPs containing 10 wt.% of the extract showed a lower IC50 value (99.80 µg/mL) in HCT116 colon cancer cell line than in CCD112 colon normal cell line (140.80 µg/mL). DISCUSSION: This research, therefore, introduced a new stabilizer of Garcinia mangostana fruit peel extract for the biosynthesis of Fe3O4 NPs with desirable physiochemical properties for potential magnetic hyperthermia and colon cancer treatment.
- Klíčová slova
- Fe3O4 nanoparticles, Garcinia mangostana, cytotoxicity assay, green synthesis, magnetic hyperthermia,
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie MeSH
- antitumorózní látky farmakologie MeSH
- buněčná smrt účinky léků MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
- dynamický rozptyl světla MeSH
- Garcinia mangostana chemie MeSH
- hydrodynamika MeSH
- indukovaná hypertermie * MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- ovoce chemie MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty chemie MeSH
- spektrometrie rentgenová emisní MeSH
- spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie metody MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antioxidancia MeSH
- antitumorózní látky MeSH
- magnetické nanočástice MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
