This study introduces a novel, sustainable method for synthesizing sub-5 nm palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and covalently binding them to chitosan nanofibers (CHITs) using fully oxidized dialdehyde cellulose (DAC). Notably, the DAC acts not only as a reducing and stabilizing agent for PdNPs, but also as a linker for their rapid and spontaneous covalent attachment to CHITs via Schiff base chemistry. This unique approach yields PdNPs with a narrow size distribution (4.7 ± 0.4 nm) and enables the preparation of a stable nanofibrous composite with excellent catalytic efficiency for 4-nitrophenol reduction (TOFPdNPs = 75.2 min-1, kPdNPs = 1.34 min-1; TOFPdNPs-CHIT = 1.18 min-1). The composite's high reusability, attributed to strong covalent binding, marks a significant improvement over traditional PdNPs composites that rely on weak interactions. This is demonstrated on a model of a catalytic device, reflecting industrial applications.

• Klíčová slova
• Chitosan nanofibers, Dialdehyde cellulose, Nanocomposite catalyst, Palladium nanoparticles,
• MeSH
• celulosa * chemie   analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• chitosan * chemie   MeSH
• katalýza MeSH
• kovové nanočástice * chemie   MeSH
• nanovlákna * chemie   ultrastruktura   MeSH
• nitrofenoly chemie   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• palladium * chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 2,3-dialdehydocellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• 4-nitrophenol MeSH Prohlížeč
• celulosa * MeSH
• chitosan * MeSH
• nitrofenoly MeSH
• palladium * MeSH

OBJECTIVE: This research aims to design and evaluate an enteric-coated hard capsule dosage form for targeted delivery of biological materials, such as FMT (fecal microbiota transplant) or live microbes, to the distal parts of the GIT. The capsules are designed to be internally protected against destruction by hydrophilic filling during passage through the digestive tract. METHODS: Hard gelatin capsules and DRcapsTMcapsules based on HPMC and gellan were used to encapsulate a hydrophilic body temperature-liquefying gelatin hydrogel with caffeine or insoluble iron oxide mixture. Different combinations of polymers were tested for the internal (ethylcellulose, Eudragit® E, and polyvinyl acetate) and external (Eudragit® S, Acryl-EZE®, and cellacefate) coating. The external protects against the acidic gastric environment, while the internal protects against the liquid hydrophilic filling during passage. Coated capsules were evaluated using standard disintegration and modified dissolution methods for delayed-release dosage forms. RESULTS: Combining suitable internal (ethylcellulose 1.0 %) and external (Eudragit® S 20.0 %) coating of DRcapsTM capsules with the wiping and immersion method achieved colonic release times. While most coated capsules met the pharmaceutical requirements for delayed release, one combination stood out. Colonic times were indicated by the dissolution of soluble caffeine (during 120-720 min) measured by the dissolution method, and capsule rupture was indicated by the release of insoluble iron oxide (after 480 min) measured by the disintegration method. This promising result demonstrates the composition's suitability and potential to protect the content until it's released, inspiring hope for the future of colon-targeted delivery systems and its potential for the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. CONCLUSION: Innovative and easy capsule coatings offer significant potential for targeted drugs, especially FMT water suspension, to the GIT, preferably the colon. The administration method is robust and not considerably affected by the quantity of internal or external coatings. It can be performed in regular laboratories without specialized individual and personalized treatment equipment, making it a practical and feasible method for drug delivery.

• Klíčová slova
• Capsules, Coating, Immersion method, Novel approach in delayed-release dosage form with potential benefits for individual treatment, Principal component analysis,
• MeSH
• bakteriální polysacharidy chemie   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   MeSH
• celulosa * chemie   analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• deriváty hypromelózy chemie   MeSH
• hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce * MeSH
• hydrogely chemie   MeSH
• kofein chemie   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kolon * metabolismus   MeSH
• kyseliny polymethakrylové chemie   MeSH
• lékové transportní systémy * metody   MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem chemie   MeSH
• polymery chemie   MeSH
• polyvinyly chemie   MeSH
• tobolky * MeSH
• uvolňování léčiv * MeSH
• želatina * chemie   MeSH
• železité sloučeniny chemie   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bakteriální polysacharidy MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• celulosa * MeSH
• deriváty hypromelózy MeSH
• ethyl cellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• ferric oxide MeSH Prohlížeč
• gellan gum MeSH Prohlížeč
• hydrogely MeSH
• kofein MeSH
• kyseliny polymethakrylové MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
• methylmethacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer MeSH Prohlížeč
• polymery MeSH
• polyvinyl acetate MeSH Prohlížeč
• polyvinyly MeSH
• tobolky * MeSH
• želatina * MeSH
• železité sloučeniny MeSH

Despite the importance of drug release testing of parenteral depot formulations, the current in vitro methods still require ameliorations in biorelevance. We have investigated here the use of muscle tissue components to better mimic the intramuscular administration. For convenient handling, muscle tissue was used in form of a freeze-dried powder, and a reproducible process of incorporation of tested microspheres to an assembly of muscle tissue of standardized dimensions was successfully developed. Microspheres were prepared from various grades of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or ethyl cellulose, entrapping flurbiprofen, lidocaine, or risperidone. The deposition of microspheres in the muscle tissue or addition of only isolated lipids into the medium accelerated the release rate of all model drugs from microspheres prepared from ester-terminated PLGA grades and ethyl cellulose, however, not from the acid-terminated PLGA grades. The addition of lipids into the release medium increased the solubility of all model drugs; nonetheless, also interactions of the lipids with the polymer matrix (ad- and absorption) might be responsible for the faster drug release. As the in vivo drug release from implants is also often faster than in simple buffers in vitro, these findings suggest that interactions with the tissue lipids may play an important role in these still unexplained observations.

• Klíčová slova
• PLGA, biorelevant,, depot microspheres,, in vitro release,, intramuscular,,
• MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• flurbiprofen aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem * MeSH
• lidokain aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• mikrosféry MeSH
• nosiče léků MeSH
• parenterální infuze * MeSH
• pomocné látky MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• příprava léků MeSH
• risperidon aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• svaly metabolismus   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• uvolňování léčiv MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• celulosa MeSH
• ethyl cellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• flurbiprofen MeSH
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem * MeSH
• lidokain MeSH
• nosiče léků MeSH
• pomocné látky MeSH
• risperidon MeSH

Normal or excessive oxidative metabolism in organisms is essential in physiological and pathophysiological processes, respectively. Therefore, monitoring of biological oxidative processes induced by the chemical or physical stimuli is nowadays of extreme importance due to the environment overloaded with various physicochemical factors. Current techniques typically require the addition of chemical labels or light illumination, which perturb the samples to be analyzed. Moreover, the current techniques are very demanding in terms of sample preparation and equipment. To alleviate these limitations, we propose a label-free monitoring tool of oxidation based on biological autoluminescence (BAL). We demonstrate this tool on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell culture. We showed that BAL can be used to monitor chemical perturbation of yeast due to Fenton reagents initiated oxidation-the BAL intensity changes with hydrogen peroxide concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we also showed that BAL reflects the effects of low-frequency magnetic field on the yeast cell culture, where we observed a disturbance of the BAL kinetics in the exposed vs. control case. Our results contribute to the development of novel techniques for label-free, real-time, noninvasive monitoring of oxidative processes and approaches for their modulation.

• MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• kultivační techniky MeSH
• luminiscence * MeSH
• oxidace-redukce účinky léků   MeSH
• povidon farmakologie   MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytologie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• celulosa MeSH
• fixní kombinace léků MeSH
• hyetellose, povidone drug combination MeSH Prohlížeč
• povidon MeSH

2,3-Dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) was used as an efficient and low-toxicity crosslinker to prepare thin PVA/DAC hydrogel films designed for topical applications such as drug-loaded patches, wound dressings or cosmetic products. An optimization of hydrogel properties was achieved by the variation of two factors - the amount of crosslinker and the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the source PVA. The role of each factor to network parameters, mechanical, rheological and surface properties, hydrogel porosity and transdermal absorption is discussed. The best results were obtained for hydrogel films prepared using 0.25 wt% of DAC and PVA with Mw = 130 kDa, which had a high porosity and drug-loading capacity (high water content), mechanical properties allowing easy handling, best adherence to the skin from all tested samples and improved transdermal drug-delivery. Hydrogel films are biocompatible, show no cytotoxicity and have no negative impact on cell growth and morphology in their presence. Furthermore, hydrogels do not support cell migration and attachment to their surface, which should ensure easy removal of hydrogel patches even from wounded or damaged skin after use.

• Klíčová slova
• Dialdehyde cellulose, Drug delivery, Hydrogel, Poly(vinyl alcohol), Transdermal, Wound dressing,
• MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• hydrogely MeSH
• obvazy * MeSH
• polyvinylalkohol * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 2,3-dialdehydocellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• celulosa MeSH
• hydrogely MeSH
• polyvinylalkohol * MeSH

Currently, nerve agents are often used in terrorist attacks or assassinations. In such cases, it is necessary to detect them quickly, accurately and easily right in the field. Detection tubes, which are small devices containing pellets with immobilized cholinesterase and detection reagents, meet these conditions. Their detection mechanism is based on a highly sensitive enzymatic Ellman reaction, when in the absence of cholinesterase inhibitors the pellets develop a visible yellow color, whereas in their presence the carriers retain the original color. The rate of reaction, its sensitivity and the distinct color transition are the key points of the research. In this experiment, double-coated pellets were prepared. The first coating contained the butyrylcholinesterase immobilized in hypromellose, while the second coating consisted of ethylcellulose and triethyl citrate. Based on the properties of such carriers, samples containing lactose dispersed in the ethylcellulose coating were also prepared, which was expected to have an effect on increasing the permeability of the coating and hence the detection rate and color intensity. In addition to selected physicochemical properties, carriers were evaluated for enzyme activity, sensitivity and color transition intensity. Samples showing the best properties were subjected to a 24-months stability test at three different temperatures and humidity.

• Klíčová slova
• cholinesterase, detection tube, ethylcellulose, nerve agent, pellets,
• MeSH
• butyrylcholinesterasa chemie   MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• enzymy imobilizované chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• butyrylcholinesterasa MeSH
• celulosa MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory MeSH
• enzymy imobilizované MeSH
• ethyl cellulose MeSH Prohlížeč

The aim of this study was to prepare benzydamine hydrochloride loaded orodispersible films using modified semisolid extrusion 3D printing method. An innovative approach was developed where thin layer of drug loaded dispersion is printed and dried before printing of subsequent layers. Layer-by-layer drying as the in process step improves mechanical properties of films, uniformity of drug content and allows faster preparation of films in compounding settings due to shortening of drying time. Orodispersible films consisted of film forming maltodextrin, sorbitol as a plasticizer and hydroxyethylcellulose as a thickening agent. The height of the digital model showed excellent correlation with the disintegration time, weight, thickness and mechanical properties of prepared films. Drug content, predefined by volume of digital model and concentration of drug in print dispersion, showed excellent uniformity. The modified printing method shows great promise in a compounding production of personalized film dosage forms, and brings in possibilities such as one step preparation of films with compartmented drugs and incorporation of taste masking or release control layers.

• Klíčová slova
• 3D printing, Benzydamine hydrochloride, Multilayer, Orodispersible films, Personalization,
• MeSH
• 3D tisk * MeSH
• benzydamin chemie   MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   chemie   MeSH
• farmaceutická technologie metody   MeSH
• lékové transportní systémy * MeSH
• pomocné látky chemie   MeSH
• viskozita MeSH
• vysoušení MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• benzydamin MeSH
• celulosa MeSH
• hydroxyethylcellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• pomocné látky MeSH

In the field of tissue engineering, much research has been devoted to the surface topography of conductive materials. However, less work has been carried out on how the electrical stimulation of such materials influences nerve regeneration. Here, we investigated the effect of electrical stimulation on randomly- and uniaxially-aligned polypyrrole-coated cellulose acetate butyrate (PPy/CAB) nanofibers. First, SEM revealed that the conducting PPy coverage resulted in dramatic changes to the nanofiber morphology. In turn, these changes led to an increase in the sample wettability. Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of a PPy layer. Second, human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were seeded on the PPy/CAB nanofibers and stimulated by 100 mV mm-1 at 1 Hz pulses in vitro. We demonstrated that either with or without this electrical stimulation both nanofiber alignment and PPy coverage had a strong influence on cell morphology and attachment. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy revealed that the cells stimulated on PPy/CAB had longer neurite outgrowth. Collectively, our results shed light on the combined effect of scaffold morphology and external stimulation on neuronal cell behavior.

• MeSH
• buněčná adheze účinky léků   MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nanovlákna chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• neurity účinky léků   MeSH
• neuronální růst účinky léků   MeSH
• polymery farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• pyrroly farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• smáčivost MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cellulose acetate-butyrate MeSH Prohlížeč
• celulosa MeSH
• polymery MeSH
• polypyrrole MeSH Prohlížeč
• pyrroly MeSH

Solubilized dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), an efficient crosslinking agent for poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), provides less toxic alternative to current synthetic crosslinking agents such as glutaraldehyde, while simultaneously allowing for the preparation of hydrogels with comparably better characteristics. PVA/DAC hydrogels prepared using 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt% of DAC were analyzed in terms of mechanical, swelling and cytotoxicity characteristics. Materials properties of PVA/DAC hydrogels range from stiff substances to soft viscoelastic gels capable of holding large amounts of water. Superior mechanical properties, porosity and surface area in comparison with analogical PVA/glutaraldehyde hydrogels were observed. Biological studies showed low toxicity and good biocompatibility of PVA/DAC hydrogels. Potential of PVA/DAC in mesh-controlled release of biologically active compounds was investigated using ibuprofen, rutin and phenanthriplatin. Hydrogel loaded with anticancer drug phenantriplatin was found effective against alveolar cancer cell line A549 under in vitro conditions.

• Klíčová slova
• Biomaterials, Crosslinking, Dialdehyde cellulose, Drug release, Hydrogel, Poly(vinyl alcohol),
• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• fenantridiny chemie   MeSH
• hydrogely chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• ibuprofen chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• modul pružnosti MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nosiče léků chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• organoplatinové sloučeniny chemie   MeSH
• polyvinylalkohol chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• reagencia zkříženě vázaná chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• rutin chemie   MeSH
• uvolňování léčiv MeSH
• viskoelastické látky chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 2,3-dialdehydocellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• celulosa MeSH
• fenantridiny MeSH
• hydrogely MeSH
• ibuprofen MeSH
• nosiče léků MeSH
• organoplatinové sloučeniny MeSH
• phenanthriplatin MeSH Prohlížeč
• polyvinylalkohol MeSH
• reagencia zkříženě vázaná MeSH
• rutin MeSH
• viskoelastické látky MeSH

Due to the additional particle coalescence in the coating, changes in the dissolution profile occur over time in the formulations coated by aqueous ethylcellulose latex. Dry thermal treatment (DT) of the coating can be used as a prevention of this process. Alternatively, it is advisable to take advantage of the synergistic effect of high humidity during wet treatment (WT), which substantially accelerates the film formation. This can be a problem for time-controlled systems, which are based on the coating rupture due to the penetration of water into the core causing the increase in the system volume. This process can begin already during the WT, which may affect the coating adversely. The submitted work was focused on the stability testing of two pellet core compositions: pellets containing swelling superdisintegrant sodium carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and pellets containing osmotically active polyethylene glycol (PEG). Another objective was to identify the treatment/storage condition effects on the pellet dissolution profiles. These pellets are intended to prevent hypoglycemia for patients with diabetes mellitus and therefore, besides the excipients, pellet cores contain 75% or 80% of glucose. The pellet coating is formed by ethylcellulose-based latex, which provides the required lag time (120-360 min). The sample stability was evaluated depending on the pellet core composition (PEG, CMS) for two types of final pellet coating treatment (DT or WT). Scanning electron microscopy and Raman microspectroscopy revealed the penetration of glucose and polyethylene glycol from the core to the PEG pellet surface after WT. For the CMS sample, significant pellet swelling after WT (under the conditions of elevated humidity) was statistically confirmed by the means of stereomicroscopic data evaluation. Therefore, the acceleration of dissolution rate during the stress tests is caused by the soluble substance penetration through the coating in the case of PEG pellets or by dosage form volume increase in the case of CMS pellets. The observed mechanisms can be generally anticipated during the stability testing of the ethylcellulose coated dosage forms. The aforementioned processes do not occur after DT and the pellets are stable in the environment without increased humidity.

• Klíčová slova
• Coated pellets, Coating penetration, Pellet volume increase, Stability, Wet treatment,
• MeSH
• celulosa analogy a deriváty   chemie   MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie MeSH
• glukosa chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• hypoglykemie prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• implantované léky chemie   MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
• polyethylenglykoly chemie   MeSH
• pomocné látky chemie   MeSH
• povrchové vlastnosti MeSH
• příprava léků metody   MeSH
• rozpustnost MeSH
• škrob analogy a deriváty   chemie   MeSH
• stabilita léku MeSH
• uvolňování léčiv MeSH
• velikost částic MeSH
• vysoká teplota MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• carboxymethyl starch MeSH Prohlížeč
• celulosa MeSH
• ethyl cellulose MeSH Prohlížeč
• glukosa MeSH
• implantované léky MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
• polyethylenglykoly MeSH
• pomocné látky MeSH
• škrob MeSH