PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess predisposing and precipitating risk factors and create a predictive model for post-stroke delirium. RESEARCH DESIGN: A prospective observational study in a cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke or intracerebral haematoma admitted within 24 hours of stroke onset. METHODS: Patients were assessed daily for delirium during the first week by means of DSM-IV criteria and risk factors were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred patients completed a 7-day evaluation (47 women and 53 men, median age 77 years). An episode of delirium was detected in 43 patients (43%). Using multivariate logistic regression, a predictive statistical model was developed that utilized independent risk factors: age (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.02-1.15); intracerebral haemorrhage (OR = 6.11; 95% CI = 1.62-22.98), lesion volume > 40 ccm (OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.29-12.39) and either elevated gamma-glytamyl transferase (OR = 4.88; 95% CI = 1.45-16.35) and elevated serum bilirubin (OR = 3.70; 95% CI = 1.32-10.38) or maximum sequential organ failure assessment score >2 (OR = 3.33; 95% CI = 1.06-10.45) with acceptable sensitivity and specificity (69.0% and 80.7%). In ischemic strokes, total anterior circulation infarctions were more frequently associated with delirium (73.3% developed delirium) compared with the remainder of the groups combined (p = 0.004; OR = 6.66; 95% CI = 1.85-24.01). CONCLUSION: Higher age, metabolic disturbances, intracerebral haemorrhage and larger ischemic hemispheric strokes increase the risk of post-stroke delirium.

• MeSH
• bilirubin krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení krev   komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda krev   komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• delirium krev   etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Diagnostický a statistický manuál mentálních poruch MeSH
• gama-glutamyltransferasa krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bilirubin MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH
• gama-glutamyltransferasa MeSH

Immunotherapy has attracted attention as a novel treatment modality for malignant melanoma. Although the use of immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma has shown promising results, there remains a lack of predictive biomarkers indicating treatment benefit from immunotherapy. There is growing evidence suggesting that microsatellite instability (MSI) as a product of DNA mismatch repair deficiency, may be one of possible predictive markers in malignant melanoma. It has been proposed that the immunogenicity of some tumors might be determined by mutational heterogeneity and could be the key to the success of immune therapies. This is also supported by the fact that tumors with the highest amount of somatic mutations, such as malignant melanoma have showed positive results with immune checkpoint inhibitors. There are promising data regarding the association between MSI status and immunogenicity from studies with colorectal cancer, where MSI is linked to improved prognosis compared to microsatellite stable cancers. MSI in colon cancer is linked to a significant increase of immunocompetent cells responsible for the antitumor activity - CD3(+), CD8(+), CD45RO(+), and T-bet(+) lymphocytes and decrease of inhibition factors such as Foxp3, IL-6, IL-17, and TGF-β. On the other hand, taking into account the progression-dependent accumulation of somatic mutations in MSI tumors and consequent high levels of neo-antigens, the possible drug resistance of MSI tumors to traditional treatment, and the presence of inhibition checkpoints within the MSI tumors, there is a solid rationale for the use of novel therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy in MSI melanomas. We presume that the MSI phenotype in malignant melanoma might be helpful to identify patients, who would be more likely to profit from immunotherapy than from conventional therapy.

• MeSH
• antigeny nádorové imunologie   MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom genetika   imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• mikrosatelitní nestabilita * MeSH
• mikrosatelitní repetice MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nádory kůže genetika   imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• oprava DNA MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• T-lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• teoretické modely MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny nádorové MeSH

The aim of this study was to determine the predictive validity of the Braden, Norton, and Waterlow scales in 2 long-term care departments in the Czech Republic. Assessing the risk for developing pressure ulcers is the first step in their prevention. At present, many scales are used in clinical practice, but most of them have not been properly validated yet (for example, the Modified Norton Scale in the Czech Republic). In the Czech Republic, only the Braden Scale has been validated so far. This is a prospective comparative instrument testing study. A random sample of 123 patients was recruited. The predictive validity of the pressure ulcer risk assessment scales was evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The data were collected from April to August 2014. In the present study, the best predictive validity values were observed for the Norton Scale, followed by the Braden Scale and the Waterlow Scale, in that order. We recommended that the above 3 pressure ulcer risk assessment scales continue to be evaluated in the Czech clinical setting.

• Klíčová slova
• Braden Scale, Norton Scale, Waterlow Scale, nursing, predictive validity, pressure ulcers,
• MeSH
• dekubity diagnóza   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• dlouhodobá péče * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• ROC křivka MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výzkumný projekt MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to identify predictive values of the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase/placental growth factor (sFlt-1/PlGF) ratio and interleukin (IL)-6, assessed with a clinically available method in a large-volume biochemistry laboratory, in maternal blood, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord blood for the presence of the placental lesions consistent with maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) and acute histological chorioamnionitis (HCA), respectively. METHODS: This retrospective study included 92 women with preterm labor with intact membranes (PTL) delivered within 7 days of admission with gestational ages between 22+0 and 34+6 weeks. The sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and IL-6 were assessed in stored samples of maternal serum, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord serum using Elecsys® sFlt-1, PlGF, and IL-6 immunoassays. RESULTS: Women with MVM had a higher sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in the maternal serum, compared to those without MVM (19.9 vs. 4.6; p < 0.0001), but not in the amniotic fluid or umbilical cord blood. A cut-off value of 8 for the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in maternal serum was identified as optimal for predicting MVM in patients with PTL. Women with HCA had higher concentrations of IL-6 in maternal serum, compared to those without HCA (11.1 pg/mL vs. 8.4 pg/mL; p = 0.03), amniotic fluid (9,216 pg/mL vs. 1,423 pg/mL; p < 0.0001), and umbilical cord blood (20.7 pg/mL vs. 10.7 pg/mL, p = 0.002). Amniotic-fluid IL-6 showed the highest predictive value. A cut-off value of IL-6 concentration in the amniotic fluid of 5,000 pg/mL was found to be optimal for predicting HCA in PTL. CONCLUSION: Maternal serum sFlt-1/PlGF and amniotic fluid IL-6 concentrations can be used for liquid biopsy to predict placental lesions in women with PTL who deliver within 7 days.

• Klíčová slova
• Amniocentesis, Amniotic fluid, Angiogenic factors, Biomarker, Inflammation, Interleukin-6, PlGF, Preeclampsia, Pregnancy, Preterm birth, Preterm labor with intact membrane, Rapid point-of-care test, Receptor, VEGF, sFlt-1,
• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• chorioamnionitida krev   diagnóza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fetální krev metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-6 * krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• placenta metabolismus   MeSH
• placentární růstový faktor * krev   MeSH
• plodová voda metabolismus   MeSH
• předčasná porodní činnost * krev   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů * MeSH
• receptor 1 pro vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor * krev   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• FLT1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• IL6 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-6 * MeSH
• PGF protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• placentární růstový faktor * MeSH
• receptor 1 pro vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor * MeSH

Esophageal cancer is a disease with disappointing prognosis. Currently, there are no predictive factors that can identify patients who on the one hand would likely benefit from tri-modality management and, on the other hand, would not be significantly affected by the morbidity accompanying the treatment. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs responsible for post-transcriptional modification of gene expression by binding to 3'-UTR of messenger RNA and represent emerging potential predictive biomarkers of treatment (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) efficacy and toxicity. We reviewed the current literature, addressing the potential predictive role of microRNAs for efficacy of chemotherapy (specifically cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and paclitaxel) and radiotherapy, including predicted targets in the cell. Altogether 82 articles were identified and included in this review. This may be the first review on this topic specifically focusing on neoadjuvant treatment of esophageal cancer.

• Klíčová slova
• Esophageal cancer, chemotherapy, miRNA, microRNA, radiotherapy, review,
• MeSH
• adjuvantní chemoradioterapie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• nádory jícnu genetika   terapie   MeSH
• neoadjuvantní terapie MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mikro RNA MeSH

To evaluate whether the presence of dacryolith is a predictive factor for successful dacryocystorhinostomy. The success rate of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR) performed to relieve obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct was evaluated according to the presence of dacryolithiasis. The surgical results of patients with (group I) and without dacryoliths (group II) were analysed and compared 1-year post surgery. A total of 771 EDCRs performed from 1994 to 2010 were evaluated. Dacryolith was found in 76/771 procedures (9.9%). Complete improvement was achieved significantly more frequently in group I (76/76; 100.0%) than in group II (633/695; 91.1%; p < 0.001). EDCRs were performed significantly more frequently in people aged 31-50-years, the average age of the group I was 41.1 years (range 18-72 years), of the group II 53.3 years (range 3 months-86 years; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the female-to-male ratio in the two groups. The presence of dacryoliths is a predictive factor for successful endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.

• MeSH
• dakryocystorinostomie * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endoskopie MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• litiáza komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nemoci slzného ústrojí komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• obstrukce slzovodu komplikace   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

AIM: Our study aimed to assess expression of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) in early-stage cervical squamous-cell cancer as a prognostic factor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective, single-institution study included 154 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for early-stage squamous cell cervical cancer between 2007 and 2017. Tumor samples from 154 patients were available for L1CAM analysis by immunohistochemistry. Among all patients, radical abdominal hysterectomy was performed in 144 cases. RESULTS: L1CAM expression was positive in 24 tumors (15.6%) of the whole group. In relation to the grade of differentiation and the presence of lymphovascular invasion, L1CAM expression did not show an association (p=0.154 and p=0.306, respectively). The disease-free interval and overall survival also did not significantly differ between L1CAM-positive and L1CAM-negative cases (p=0.427 and p=0.240, respectively). For histopathological characteristics, L1CAM-positive cases had a significantly higher median tumor size (p=0.015). Even in the selected group of 115 cases without nodal infiltration, L1CAM status had no effect on the relapse rate during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Our study did not confirm the results of previous studies showing L1CAM expression to be a negative prognostic factor in cervical cancer. In our study, increased L1CAM expression in early-stage squamous-cell cervical cancer was not associated with adverse prognosis regarding disease recurrence, disease-free survival, nor overall survival. L1CAM expression was correlated only with the size of the tumor.

• Klíčová slova
• L1 cell adhesion molecule, early stage, prognostic factor, squamous-cell cervical carcinoma,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru patologie   MeSH
• molekula buněčné adheze nervové L1 * genetika   analýza   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory děložního čípku * genetika   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom * patologie   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• L1CAM protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• molekula buněčné adheze nervové L1 * MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH

A prospective 3-year randomized study comparing conservative and surgical treatment of spondylotic cervical myelopathy to establish predictive factors for outcome after conservative treatment and surgery. The clinical, electrophysiological and imaging parameters were examined to reveal how they characterized the clinical outcome. The patients with a good outcome in the conservatively treated group were of older age before treatment, had normal central motor conduction time (CMCT), and possessed a larger transverse area of the spinal cord. The patients with a good outcome in the surgically treated group had a more serious clinical picture (expressed in mJOA score and slower walk). Patients should rather be treated conservatively if they have a spinal transverse area larger than 70 mm2, are of older age and have normal CMCT. Surgery is more suitable for patients with clinically worse status and a lesser transverse area of spinal cord.

• MeSH
• analýza rozptylu MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• krční obratle chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoci míchy chirurgie   terapie   MeSH
• neparametrická statistika MeSH
• osteofytóza páteře chirurgie   terapie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Placental growth factor [PlGF) is a cardiovascular (CV) risk marker, which is related to left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) in animal models. Currently there are no data available regarding the possible relationship of PlGF and the development of LVH or diastolic dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the relationship of PlGF to other CV risk factors in CKD patients. The aim of our study was to determine the possible association of PlGF and several other CV risk markers to echocardiographic parameters in CKD population. METHODS: We prospectively examined selected laboratory (PlGF, fibroblast growth factor-23 -FGF23, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, extracellular newly identified RAGE-binding protein - EN-RAGE, B-type natriuretic peptide - BNP) and echocardiographic parameters in 62 patients with CKD 2-4. Mean follow-up was 36 ±10 months. Laboratory and echocardiographic data were collected 2-3 times, at the shortest interval of 12 months apart. Multivariate regression analysis was used to detect independent correlations of variables. RESULTS: Increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI, g/m2.7) was found in 29% patients with CKD 2-4, left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction was detected in 74.1% patients (impaired LV relaxation in 43.5% patients and pseudonormal pattern in 30.6% patients). After 36 ± 10 months increased LVMI was found in 37.1% patients with CKD 2-4, LV diastolic dysfunction was detected in 75.8% patients (impaired LV relaxation in 43.5% patients and pseudonormal pattern in 32.3% patients). Following independent correlations were found: LVMI was related to PlGF, cholesterol, BNP, systolic blood pressure and serum creatinine. EN-RAGE correlated positively with left atrial diameter and inversely with E/A ratio. During the follow-up we found a significant increase in LVMI and left atrial diameter, whereas a significant decrease in LVEF was noted. CONCLUSION: According to our data, PlGF is independently related to increased LV mass in CKD, whereas EN-RAGE is more likely related to diastolic dysfunction in this population.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• chronická renální insuficience krev   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dysfunkce levé srdeční komory krev   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• fibroblastový růstový faktor 23 MeSH
• hypertrofie levé komory srdeční krev   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• placentární růstový faktor MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenské proteiny krev   MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• FGF23 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• fibroblastový růstový faktor 23 MeSH
• PGF protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• placentární růstový faktor MeSH
• těhotenské proteiny MeSH

UNLABELLED: Our retrospective study was aimed to assess the relevance of pre- and post-transplant measurements of serum concentrations of the soluble CD30 molecule (soluble CD30, sCD30) and the cytokine Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) for prediction of the risk for development of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplant patients. Evaluation of sCD30, HGF levels and the presence of HLA-specific antibodies in a cohort of 205 patients was performed before, 2weeks and 6months after transplantation. Patients were followed up for kidney graft function and survival for two years. We found a tendency of higher incidence of AMR in retransplanted patients with elevated pre-transplant sCD30 (≥100U/ml) (p=0.051), however no such correlation was observed in first-transplant patients. Kidney recipients with simultaneously high sCD30 and HLA-specific antibodies (sCD30+/Ab+) before transplantation had significantly lower AMR-free survival compared to the other patient groups (p<0.001). HGF concentrations were not associated with the incidence of AMR at any time point of measurement, nevertheless, the combined analysis HGF and sCD30 showed increased incidence of AMR in recipients with elevated pretransplant sCD30 and low HGF levels. CONCLUSION: the predictive value of pretransplant sCD30 for the development of antibody-mediated rejection after transplantation is significantly potentiated by the co-presence of HLA specific antibodies. The role of HGF as a rejection-protective factor in patients with high pretransplant HGF levels would need further investigation.

• MeSH
• antigen Ki-1 krev   imunologie   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• hepatocytární růstový faktor krev   imunologie   MeSH
• HLA antigeny imunologie   MeSH
• homologní transplantace MeSH
• isoprotilátky krev   imunologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• rejekce štěpu krev   mortalita   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transplantace ledvin imunologie   mortalita   MeSH
• tvorba protilátek imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigen Ki-1 MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• hepatocytární růstový faktor MeSH
• HGF protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• HLA antigeny MeSH
• isoprotilátky MeSH