In vitro cytotoxicity testing is an indispensable part of the development of new biomaterials. However, the standard ISO 10993-5 enables variability in the testing conditions, which makes the results of the test incomparable. We studied the influence of media composition on the results of the cytotoxicity test. Solutions of ZnCl2 served as simulated extracts and we also used extracts of three types of Zn-based and Mg-based degradable metals. We incubated the cells with the solutions prepared in two types of media with two concentrations of serum (5 and 10%). We compared the toxic effect of the extracts on L929 murine fibroblast-derived cell line, which is recommended by ISO standard and on "osteoblast-like cells" U-2 OS. We also compared two methods of exposition: solutions were added either to a sub-confluent layer or to the cell suspension. We evaluated the metabolic activity of the cells using the resazurin test. We found out that in vitro cytotoxicity is dramatically influenced by the concentration of serum and by the type of the medium as well as by the type of exposition and type of cells. Therefore, when performing in vitro cytotoxicity testing of biomaterials, the authors should carefully specify the conditions of the test and comparison of different studies should be carried out with caution.

• MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály farmakologie   MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny farmakologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• myši MeSH
• slitiny MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• komplexní sloučeniny MeSH
• slitiny MeSH

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity of adherent and non-adherent subpopulations of mouse lymph node cells sensitized in vitro on monolayers of syngeneic, methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma cells was examined by inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation. The cell-mediated cytotoxicity of nylon wood-adherent, non-adherent and unfractionated lymph node cells was found to be equally efficient.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů účinky léků   MeSH
• antigeny nádorové imunologie   MeSH
• buněčná adheze * MeSH
• cytotoxické testy imunologické * MeSH
• experimentální sarkom chemicky indukované   imunologie   MeSH
• fytohemaglutininy farmakologie   MeSH
• imunizace * MeSH
• imunoglobuliny analýza   MeSH
• lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• methylcholanthren MeSH
• myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nylony MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• transplantace nádorů MeSH
• vlna MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny nádorové MeSH
• fytohemaglutininy MeSH
• imunoglobuliny MeSH
• methylcholanthren MeSH
• nylony MeSH

Despite widespread and prolonged use of adult novelties, their health safety is not regularly tested or legally regulated. In the EU, adult novelties are subjected to the General Product Safety Directive, placing the burden of proof regarding safe products onto the manufacturers. The aim of our pilot study was to expand knowledge on potential application of in vitro methods for hazard prediction of extracts from final products. We subjected extracts of 20 adult novelties, purchased on the Czech market to toxicological tests including NRU cytotoxicity assay, sensitization tests DPRA and LuSens and the YES/YAS endocrine assay. Four samples produced cytotoxicity. Sensitization potential was recorded by DPRA (three samples) while the LuSens reported ten samples. Regarding endocrine disruption, three samples produced antiestrogen and antiandrogen effects. Six samples exhibited androgenic potential and one sample showed estrogenic potential. Positive results with possible health effects were recorded repeatedly for samples made of ABS, PVC and latex. The study has confirmed promising usefulness of our test methods combination with regard to safety testing of this type of consumer products. The results should be evaluated with care, however, the data bring added-value to the limited knowledge of mixture toxicology and are indicative for further testing.

• Klíčová slova
• Chemical mixtures safety, Cytotoxicity, Endocrine disruption, In vitro toxicology, Public health, Risk assessment, Sex toy industry, Skin sensitization,
• MeSH
• buňky BALB 3T3 MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory toxicita   MeSH
• fibroblasty účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• hra a hračky * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• plastické hmoty toxicita   MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• sexuální chování účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• spotřebitelská bezpečnost produktů normy   MeSH
• techniky in vitro metody   MeSH
• testy akutní toxicity metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• endokrinní disruptory MeSH
• plastické hmoty MeSH

Cytotoxicity of lymphocytes, mixed lymphocyte cultures, stimulation with PHA, suppressive activity of cells in vitro and efficacy of the adoptive transfer of cells in vivo were simultaneously investigated in rats bearing tolerated skin allografts. Cells from animals which did not react in MLC were simultaneously hyporeactive when stimulated with PHA. On the other hand, cytotoxicity of lymphocytes did not correlate with their ability to respond to specific antigens in MLC. None of the in vitro tests correlated with the efficacy of the adoptively transferred syngeneic lymphoid cells.

• MeSH
• cytotoxické testy imunologické metody   MeSH
• imunologická tolerance * MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lektiny farmakologie   MeSH
• pasivní imunizace MeSH
• potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
• rejekce štěpu MeSH
• skot MeSH
• T-lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• test smíšené lymfocytární kultury MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lektiny MeSH

We studied the biological effects of the factors released into the culture medium by the lymphocytes from animals sensitized with testicular antigen. The supernatants from cultures of these lymphocytes were active in vitro in the migration inhibition tests because they transferred the sensitivity to normal spleen cells. In vivo, they transferred aspermatogenesis in the allogeneic and xenogeneic system. The results suggest a specific effect on the behaviour of macrophages rather than a direct cytotoxic effect of the active factors.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
• antigeny MeSH
• autoprotilátky analýza   MeSH
• cytotoxické testy imunologické MeSH
• inhibice migrace buněk MeSH
• inhibiční faktory migrace makrofágů * MeSH
• makrofágy imunologie   MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• spermatogeneze * MeSH
• spermie imunologie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• testis imunologie   MeSH
• tvorba protilátek MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• morčata MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny MeSH
• autoprotilátky MeSH
• inhibiční faktory migrace makrofágů * MeSH

Phthalocyanines (ClAlPcS) present a new generation of substances for photodynamic treatment of tumors. To find optimal therapeutic doses for i.v. or local application, it is necessary to test the maximal non-toxic concentration on model systems. As a standard testing system (cellular substrate) for definition of the in vitro cytotoxicity, human lymphocytes separated from peripheral human blood and splenocytes obtained from rabbit spleen fragments were chosen. The vitality test on human peripheral lymphocytes proved that the used concentrations in the range 0.1-1.4 mg/ml did not significantly influence vitality of the cellular substrate. The test used for determination of the migration activity did not show any influence on MI in the concentration range 0.1-0.5 mg/ml. The higher concentrations tested (range 0.6-1.4 mg/ml) lead to reduction of the migration activity presented by a decrease in the migration index MI: for c = 0.6 mg/ml, MI = 0.85; for c = 1.4 mg/ml, MI = 0.45 (normal value for MI is in the range 0.9-1.1).

• MeSH
• cytotoxicita imunologická * MeSH
• indoly toxicita   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty účinky léků   MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny toxicita   MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• radiosenzibilizující látky toxicita   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aluminum phthalocyanine disulfonate MeSH Prohlížeč
• indoly MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika * MeSH
• radiosenzibilizující látky MeSH

Six mixed-ligand copper(II) complexes with the composition [Cu(qui)(L)]BF(4)·xH(2)O (1-6), where Hqui=2-phenyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolinone, L=2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) (1), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (2), bis(2-pyridyl)amine (ambpy) (3), 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline (mphen) (4), 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (nphen) (5) and bathophenanthroline (bphen) (6), were prepared, fully characterized and studied for their in vitro cytotoxicity on human osteosarcoma (HOS) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cancer cell lines. The overall promising results of the cytotoxicity were found for all the complexes, while the best results were achieved for complex 6, with IC(50)=2.6 ± 0.8 μM (HOS), and 1.3 ± 0.5 μM (MCF7). The interactions of the Cu(II) complexes 1-6 with calf thymus DNA were investigated by the UV-visible spectral titration. An agarose-gel electrophoretic method of oxidative damage determination to circular plasmid pUC19 was used to assess the ability of the complexes to act as chemical nucleases. A high effectiveness of DNA cleavage was observed for 2, 4 and 5. In vitro antioxidative activity of the complexes was studied by the superoxide dismutase-mimic (SOD-mimic) method. The best result was afforded by complex 1 with IC(50)=4.7 ± 1.0 μM, which corresponds to 10.2% of the native Cu,Zn-SOD enzyme activity. The ability of the tested complexes to interact with sulfur-containing biomolecules (cysteine and reduced glutathione) at physiological levels was proved by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).

• MeSH
• chinoliny chemie   MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie s elektrosprejovou ionizací MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• molekulární mimikry MeSH
• Ramanova spektroskopie MeSH
• spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
• spektroskopie infračervená s Fourierovou transformací MeSH
• štěpení DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa metabolismus   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• termogravimetrie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chinoliny MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The improvements of cancer treatment are the major challenge in oncology research. Nanocarriers are one of the promising approaches to selectively target tumor cells, frequently leading to improve drug therapeutic index. Ellipticine is an anticancer agent that functions through multiple mechanisms. Here, the toxic effects of an anticancer drug ellipticine encapsulated in a micellar nanotransporter and free ellipticine on human HL-60 leukemia cells and formation of ellipticine-derived DNA adducts by both forms of the drug in these cells were investigated. METHODS: The toxicity of modified ellipticine on cells was compared to that of free ellipticine using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide cytotoxicity assay. 32P-postlabeling was utilized to determine ellipticine-DNA adducts in treated cells. RESULTS: The comparison of efficiencies of free ellipticine and ellipticine-micelles [the poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(allyl glycidyl ether) block copolymer] to form ellipticine-derived DNA adducts in leukemia HL-60 cells and to act as cytotoxic agent on these cells was performed. Exposure of HL-60 cells to ellipticine in micelles resulted in formation of ellipticine-DNA adducts and caused the cytotoxic effect on these cells. The influence of ellipticine in micelles on HL-60 cells was very similar to that of free ellipticine. The ellipticine half maximal inhibition concentration was determined as 1.3±0.3 µmol.L(-1) and 1.4±0.3 µmol.L(-1) for ellipticine and ellipticine in micelles, respectively. Likewise, the levels of ellipticine-DNA adducts generated in HL-60 cells by both forms of ellipticine were analogous. CONCLUSION: The results found in this work demonstrate similar cytotoxicity and DNA-damaging effects of ellipticine and its micellar form on leukemia HL-60 cells in vitro.

• MeSH
• adukty DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• elipticiny farmakologie   MeSH
• HL-60 buňky MeSH
• játra účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• micely * MeSH
• protinádorové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adukty DNA MeSH
• elipticiny MeSH
• ellipticine MeSH Prohlížeč
• micely * MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH

Biocompatibility is one of the main prerequisites for safe use of medical devices. Estimation of cytotoxicity is a part of the initial evaluation laid down in ISO standards on biological evaluation of medical devices. Hydrophilic polymers (based on 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate HEMA) doped by addition of selected additives with antioxidant and/or free radical scavenging potential (vitamin C and hindered amine stabilizer N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)methacrylamide) were tested in different in vitro systems (3T3 Balb/c cell culture and a 3D human skin model) for biocompatibility and suitability for use as wound dressings. The results of the 3T3 NRU cytotoxicity test using both the direct and indirect contact approaches and a 3D skin model modified irritation test (EpiDerm) confirmed high biocompatibility and good skin tolerance of both the basic polymers and those enriched with specific additives up to a balanced level. HEMA polymer showed a beneficial effect against cytotoxicity of an irritant (sodium dodecyl sulfate). The in vitro biocompatibility test results were confirmed by human local skin tolerance testing.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály toxicita   MeSH
• buňky BALB 3T3 MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fibroblasty účinky léků   MeSH
• hydrogely aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• kůže účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methakryláty aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• náplasťové testy MeSH
• obvazy hydrokoloidní MeSH
• polymery aplikace a dávkování   toxicita   MeSH
• techniky tkáňových kultur MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• testy kožní dráždivosti MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
• hydrogely MeSH
• hydroxyethyl methacrylate MeSH Prohlížeč
• methakryláty MeSH
• polymery MeSH

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů účinky léků   MeSH
• antiflogistika farmakologie   MeSH
• auranofin MeSH
• aurothioglukosa analogy a deriváty   farmakologie   MeSH
• buňky NK účinky léků   imunologie   MeSH
• cytotoxicita imunologická účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty účinky léků   imunologie   MeSH
• revmatoidní artritida imunologie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zlato analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antiflogistika MeSH
• auranofin MeSH
• aurothioglukosa MeSH
• zlato MeSH