PURPOSE: Napabucasin is an investigational, orally administered reactive oxygen species generator bioactivated by intracellular antioxidant NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 that has been evaluated in various solid tumors, including metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) is hypothesized to predict response in napabucasin-treated patients with mCRC. PATIENT AND METHODS: In the multi-center, open-label, phase III CanStem303C (NCT02753127) study, adults with histologically confirmed mCRC that progressed on first-line fluoropyrimidine plus oxaliplatin ± bevacizumab were randomized to twice-daily napabucasin plus FOLFIRI (napabucasin) or FOLFIRI alone (control). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) in the general study population and in patients with pSTAT3-positive tumors (biomarker-positive). RESULTS: In the general study population (napabucasin, n = 624; control, n = 629), median OS was 14.3 months for napabucasin and 13.8 months for control (hazard ratio [HR], 0.976, one-sided P = .74). Overall, 44% of patients were biomarker-positive (napabucasin, n = 275; control, n = 272). In the biomarker-positive population, median OS was 13.2 months for napabucasin and 12.1 months for control (HR, 0.969; one-sided P > .99). In the control arm, median OS was shorter for biomarker-positive versus biomarker negative patients (12.1 vs. 18.5 months; HR, 1.518; nominal 2-sided P = .0002). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were diarrhea (napabucasin, 84.6%; control, 53.9%), nausea (60.5%, 50.5%), vomiting (41.2%, 29.3%), and abdominal pain (41.0%, 25.2%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs occurred in 73.8% of napabucasin-treated and 66.7% of control-treated patients, most commonly diarrhea (21.2%, 7.0%), neutrophil count decreased (13.7%, 19.2%), and neutropenia (13.3%, 15.2%). Safety was similar in biomarker-positive patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with previously treated mCRC, adding napabucasin to FOLFIRI did not improve OS. Results from the control arm indicate that pSTAT3 is an adverse prognostic factor in mCRC.

• Klíčová slova
• Clinical trial, Colon cancer, FOLFIRI, pSTAT3, phase 3,
• MeSH
• bevacizumab MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluorouracil MeSH
• kamptothecin MeSH
• kolorektální nádory * patologie   MeSH
• leukovorin MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory rekta * MeSH
• nádory tračníku * chemicky indukované   MeSH
• protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• bevacizumab MeSH
• fluorouracil MeSH
• kamptothecin MeSH
• leukovorin MeSH
• napabucasin MeSH Prohlížeč

Inflammatory profiling of Schwann cells manifested as an upregulation of cytokines is present after traumatic or disease injury of the peripheral nerves. Inflammatory activation of Schwann cells via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can be triggered by exogenous pathological molecules or endogenous ligands produced during Wallerian degeneration. We investigated the early period of inflammatory reactions by following the levels of TLR4, NFκB, IL-1β, pSTAT3, and IL-6 proteins after LPS treatment of RT4 schwannoma cells under in vitro conditions. Significantly increased levels of NFκB, IL-1β, pSTAT3, and IL-6 proteins were found 1 h after LPS action indicating their involvement in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction of schwannoma cells. This initiation was induced without increased TLR4 protein expression, but was accompanied by the appearance of TLR4 in early endosomes. The protein levels decreased within the next 6 h of treatment with a subsequent increase of NFκB, IL-1β, and pSTAT3 after 24 h of LPS treatment. In contrast, continuous decrease of IL-6 over time following LPS treatment was unexpected. Levels of soluble IL-6 protein in the culture medium also decreased with decreasing levels of LPS over 24 h.

• Klíčová slova
• Cytokines, Early endosomes, Schwann cells, Toll-like receptor 4, Transforming factors,
• MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy farmakologie   MeSH
• nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
• neurilemom metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• toll-like receptor 4 antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• zánět metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ligandy MeSH
• lipopolysacharidy MeSH
• Tlr4 protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• toll-like receptor 4 MeSH

Adiponectin (APN), an adipose tissue-excreted adipokine, plays protective roles in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of APN on biological functions of rat vascular endothelial progenitor cells (VEPCs) were investigated in vitro. After administrating APN in rat VEPCs, the proliferation was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method, the apoptotic rate was test by Flow cytometry assay, mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and protein expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and phospho-STAT3 (pSTAT3) was analyzed by Western blot. It was suggested that APN promoted the optical density (OD) value of VEPCs, enhanced mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF, and inhibited cell apoptotic rate. Furthermore, protein expression of pSTAT3 was also increased in the presence of APN. Moreover, APN changed-proliferation, apoptosis and VEGF expression of VEPCs were partially suppressed after blocking the mTOR-STAT3 signaling pathway by the mTOR inhibitor XL388. It was indicated that APN promoted biological functions of VEPCs through targeting the mTOR-STAT3 signaling pathway.

• MeSH
• adiponektin farmakologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• cévní endotel účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• endoteliální progenitorové buňky účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• sulfony farmakologie   MeSH
• TOR serin-threoninkinasy antagonisté a inhibitory   biosyntéza   MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 antagonisté a inhibitory   biosyntéza   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adiponektin MeSH
• mTOR protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• Stat3 protein, rat MeSH Prohlížeč
• sulfony MeSH
• TOR serin-threoninkinasy MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 MeSH
• XL388 MeSH Prohlížeč

Although statins exert non-lipid cardioprotective effects, their influence on cell death is not fully elucidated. For this purpose, we investigated whether simvastatin treatment (S, 10 mg/kg, 5 days) is capable of mitigating ischemia/reperfusion-induced (IR) apoptosis in the isolated rat hearts, which was examined using immunoblotting analysis. In addition, the content of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its active form, phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3-Thr(705)), was analyzed. Simvastatin induced neither variations in the plasma lipid levels nor alterations in the baseline content of analysed proteins with the exception of upregulation of cytochrome C. Furthermore, simvastatin significantly increased the baseline levels of pSTAT3 in contrast to the control group. In the IR hearts, simvastatin reduced the expression of Bax and non-cleaved caspase-3. In these hearts, phosphorylation of STAT3 did not differ in comparison to the non-treated IR group, however total STAT3 content was slightly increased. The improved recovery of left ventricular developed pressure co-existed with the increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. In conclusion, pleiotropic action of statins may ameliorate viability of cardiomyocytes by favouring the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and downregulating the pro-apoptotic markers; however STAT3 does not seem to be a dominant regulator of this anti-apoptotic action of simvastatin.

• MeSH
• apoptóza * MeSH
• buněčná smrt * MeSH
• infarkt myokardu patologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myokard metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 metabolismus   MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození myokardu patofyziologie   MeSH
• reperfuzní poškození patofyziologie   MeSH
• simvastatin farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• protein X asociovaný s bcl-2 MeSH
• simvastatin MeSH

There is a growing body of evidence that cytokines contribute to both induction and maintenance of neuropathic pain derived from changes in dorsal root ganglia (DRG), including the activity of the primary sensory neurons and their satellite glial cells (SGC). We used immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization methods to provide evidence that chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve induces synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in SGC, elevation of IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling. Unilateral CCI of the rat sciatic nerve induced mechanoallodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in ipsilateral hind paws, but contralateral paws exhibited only temporal changes of sensitivity. We demonstrated that IL-6 mRNA and protein, which were expressed at very low levels in naïve DRG, were bilaterally increased not only in L4-L5 DRG neurons but also in SGC activated by unilateral CCI. Besides IL-6, substantial increase of IL-6R and pSTAT3 expression occurred in SGC following CCI, however, IL-6R associated protein, gp130 levels did not change. The results may suggest that unilateral CCI of the sciatic nerve induces bilateral activation of SGC in L4-L5 DRG to transduce IL-6 signalling during neuroinflammation.

• MeSH
• cytokinový receptor gp130 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• funkční lateralita MeSH
• interleukin-6 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• měření bolesti MeSH
• messenger RNA metabolismus   MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• nemoci sedacího nervu patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• neuroglie metabolismus   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-6 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese fyziologie   MeSH
• signální transdukce fyziologie   MeSH
• spinální ganglia patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokinový receptor gp130 MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• messenger RNA MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-6 MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 MeSH

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is a malignant and aggressive type of central nevous system malignancy characterized by many distinct biological features including extensive hypoxia. Hypoxia in glioblatoma associates with complex signaling patterns including activation of several pathways such as MAPK, PI3K-AKT/mTOR and IL-6/JAK/STAT3 with the master regulator HIF-1, which in turn drive particular tumor behaviors determining, in the end, treatment outcomes and patients fate. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the expression of selected hypoxia related factors including STAT3 in a small set of long-term surviving glioma patients. METHODS: The expression of selected hypoxia related factors including STAT3 was evaluated in a time series of formalin fixed paraffin embedded and cryopreserved glioma samples from repeatedly resected patients. In addition, comparative studies were also conducted on primary glioma cells derived from original patient samples, stabilized glioma cell lines and tumor-xenograft mice model. Obtained data were correlated with clinical findings too. RESULTS: Glioblastoma samples of the analyzed patients displayed heterogeneity in the expression of hypoxia- related and EMT markers with most interesting trend being observed in pSTAT3. This heterogeneity was subsequently confirmed in other employed models (primocultures derived from glioblastoma tissue resections, cryopreserved tumor specimens, stabilized glioblastoma cell line in vitro and in vivo) and concerned, in particular, STAT3 expression which remained stable. In addition, subsequent studies on the role of STAT3 in the context of glioblastoma hypoxia demonstrated opposing effects of its deletion on cell viability as well as the expression of hypoxia and EMT markers. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suport the importance of STAT3 expression and activity in the context of hypoxia in malignant glioblastoma long-term surviving glioma patients while emphasizing heterogeneity of biological outcomes in varying employed tumor models.

• Klíčová slova
• Glioblastoma, Hypoxia, Long-surviving patients, Primocultures, STAT3, Temozolomide,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glioblastom metabolismus   patologie   genetika   MeSH
• gliom * metabolismus   patologie   genetika   MeSH
• hypoxie metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory mozku metabolismus   patologie   genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transkripční faktor STAT3 * metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• STAT3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• transkripční faktor STAT3 * MeSH