: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is a rare congenital malformation, the prognosis depends on factors affecting foetal development. The diagnosis is based on ultrasound examination, especially the evaluation of the detailed morphology of the foetus in the 20th week of pregnancy. Therefore, it is crucial to keep looking for ultrasound markers that would prenatally determine the most accurate prognosis for the foetus. Now, we rely on a small number of studies with a predominance of case reports. We offer a literature review of the essential information concerning sacrococcygeal teratoma diagnostics, therapy, and complications of sacrococcygeal teratomas in connection with prenatal diagnosis. It turns out that in cases with a favourable prognosis according to prenatal ultrasound examination and adequate surgical treatment after childbirth, the prognosis of this congenital malformation is excellent.

• Klíčová slova
• Prognosis, foetal tumours, heart failure, prenatal diagnosis, sacrococcygeal teratoma, ultrasound,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• sakrokokcygeální krajina * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• teratom * diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• ultrasonografie prenatální * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

A clinical-morphological study in 134 recipients of first renal allografts (15 related and 119 non-related) was performed with the aim to establish prognosis of different types of rejection nephropathy. Following order of prognosis (from the worst to the best) was found: necrotic lesion, early vascular lesion, late vascular lesion, late interstitial lesion. Several factors of importance were discussed.

• MeSH
• homologní transplantace MeSH
• ledviny patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci ledvin patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• rejekce štěpu * MeSH
• transplantace ledvin * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aimed at contributing to a better diagnosis of lung cancer by analyzing the patient's symptoms and their linkage to other characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the data of 3,322 patients from LUCAS (LUngCAncerfocuS) National Registry of the Czech Republic. Overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The most common symptoms were cough (47.5%), dyspnea (45.6%), pain (27.3%), and weight loss (25.7%). Among all patients, 16% were asymptomatic. We demonstrated the negative prognostic significance of increasing number of lung cancer symptoms, that was significant after adjustment for age, TNM stages, and performance status, and morphological types of the cancer. CONCLUSION: Monitoring the severity and type of symptoms in patients with lung cancer can help in the diagnostics of the disease and the estimation of prognosis.

• Klíčová slova
• Lung cancer, cough, dyspnoea, fever, hemoptysis, prognosis, symptoms, weight loss,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• SARCOIDOSIS/diagnosis *,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• sarkoidóza diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A longitudinal study of juvenile hypertension made possible to investigate after 20 years 73% of a group of young hypertensives (original age 14--29 years, arterial blood pressure 170/100 and higher 20 years ago), which was originally investigated in 1952--1954. The surprising result was that 35.5% had a normal blood pressure without treatment in the interval, 40.2% showed the same level of hypertension, 5.7% showed higher blood pressure levels but without any new organic changes, 1.5% had the same blood pressure as 20 years earlier, but now required drug therapy as opposed to previously. Only 17.1% of the patients showed any convincing evidence of progression of the disease, i.e. the development of new organic changes. The prognosis of moderate hypertension at a young age is significantly correlated with: a) the occurence of hypertension in the parent; b) the life expectancy of the parents; and c) the initial values of blood pressure. There was no correlation between prognosis and over-weight, weight gain in the past 20 years, original or present heart rate, smoking, alcohol intake or physical activity, participation in sports or the living standard of the given individual.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze komplikace   etiologie   genetika   MeSH
• kouření komplikace   MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pití alkoholu MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost MeSH
• tělesná námaha MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers in women. There is currently no effective method for early diagnosis, limiting the precision of clinical expectations. Predictions of therapeutic efficacy are currently not available either. Specifically, the development of chemoresistance against conventional chemotherapy poses a fundamental complication. Some membrane transporters have been reported to influence chemoresistance, which is often associated with a poor prognosis. Areas covered: The aim of this article is to review the existing information about membrane transporters and their role in both ovarian cancer chemoresistance and its outcomes. We then highlight limitations of current methodologies and suggest alternatives providing avenues for future research. Expert opinion: Membrane transporters play an important role in development of chemoresistance and affect prognosis of ovarian cancer patients; however, due to variations in methodology and in patient populations, their specific roles have yet to be clarified. For further evaluation of the clinical utility of membrane transporters, it is essential to validate results and improve methods for marker assessment across laboratories. A promising area for future research is to identify the genetic variability in potential markers in peripheral blood. These markers would then stratify patients into defined groups for optimal intervention.

• Klíčová slova
• Ovarian cancer, chemoresistance, expression, membrane transporters, prognosis,
• MeSH
• antitumorózní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• chemorezistence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové transportní proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery genetika   MeSH
• nádory vaječníků farmakoterapie   genetika   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antitumorózní látky MeSH
• membránové transportní proteiny MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• GERIATRICS *, KIDNEY, POLYCYSTIC *, PATHOLOGY *, PROGNOSIS *,
• MeSH
• geriatrie * MeSH
• ledviny * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• patologie * MeSH
• polycystická choroba ledvin * MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The study is a report of the long-term follow-up of 53 patients with prehepatic portal hypertension, their life and work conditions. The average time of the follow-up was 25 years. It was concluded, that the long-term prognosis is derived from the development of the disease, its recognition, the used therapy and from the function of the patient's liver. From the battery of therapeutic modalities a very good experience has been achieved with the endoscopic treatment of bleeding varices. The portosystemic shunt is a pathophysiologically well justified but selective procedure, which is indicated in about 20% of bleeding patients. The long-term prognosis of the disease was found good in 75% of patients.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• játra krevní zásobení   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• portální hypertenze diagnóza   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The association between human papilloma virus (HPV) and oropharyngeal carcinoma is a topical issue due mainly to the rapid increase in incidence over recent years. These tumors are etiopathogenetically, epidemiologically, and clinically different from other carcinomas at this location. They have a better prognosis in that they are more chemo-and radiosensitive. Indeed, this has been shown by many extensive retrospective and prospective studies. HPV status is considered an integral part of a standard histopathological examination and is included as a new biological parameter in TNM classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of 77 patients who were treated non-surgically for locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma at a single university ear, nose, and throat clinic were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Overall and specific survival of those with HPV-positive (HPV+) tumors was better that those for HPV negative (HPV-) tumors. With the exception of TNM classification, HPV positivity appeared to be the strongest predictor of local control, and of overall and specific survival, regardless of the type of treatment. However, smoking and p53 positivity were significant negative predictors of overall survival. Patients with HPV-associated tumors had a significantly better prognosis, regardless of treatment type. The difference between treatment modalities was confirmed for the whole group of patients, but not for the HPV+ and HPV-patients specifically, most probably due to the small number of patients enrolled. CONCLUSION: The results obtained herein may constitute the first step toward the concept of treatment de-escalation in those with HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma; however, this decision can be based only on the results of current extensive randomized trials. Specification of the optimal de-escalation scheme, or the choice of treatment modality, for which the difference in treatment results is most pronounced, has yet to be identified. This work was supported by grants of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic IGA NT12483-4/2011 and AZV 15-31627A. he authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 21. 9. 2018 Accepted: 14. 5. 2019.

• Klíčová slova
• HPV, cancer, oropharynx, prognosis, treatment,
• MeSH
• infekce papilomavirem komplikace   MeSH
• kouření MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory orofaryngu mortalita   terapie   virologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 MeSH
• TP53 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom diagnóza   MeSH
• pohyby očí diagnóza   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• uvea * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH