Mycotic infections are lastly a significant morbidity and mortality cause of critically ill patients in surgical intensive care units. The most frequent causative agents of mycotic infections in surgical patients are Candida species. In order to assess the significance of mycotic infections for the critically ill in surgical intensive care and resuscitation units a retrospective evaluation of mycotic infection incidence and of their sensitivity to antimycotics has been performed, and some risk factors occurring in patients with fungal colonization have been determined. It was shown that colonization with yeasts, and candidaemia are most frequently caused by the fungus Candida albicans (88.2 - 93 %). Colonization with yeasts occurs most frequently in the air passages and the efferent urinary tract. The lowest resistance rate of Candida spp. was noted to Amphotericin B. Among the most frequent risk factors occurring in surgical patients with yeast colonization are risks from antibiotic treatment, and from certain interventional therapeutic procedures. In case of simultaneous occurrence of risk factors and proven yeast colonization, the route of choice is prophylactic, or pre-emptive therapy with an antimycotic (fluconazole, or Amphotericin B if resistance to the former has been proven).

Department of Surgery 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague

VII. European congress of ESS, Prague, November 20.-22.

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