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War-related stress scale
L. Vargová, B. Jozefiaková, M. Lačný, M. Adamkovič
Language English Country England, Great Britain
Document type Journal Article
Grant support
APVV-20-0319
Slovak Research and Development Agency
APVV-20-0319
Slovak Research and Development Agency
APVV-20-0319
Slovak Research and Development Agency
VEGA 1/0559/21
Research Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and Slovak Academy of Science
VEGA 1/0559/21
Research Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and Slovak Academy of Science
PRIMUS/24/SSH/017
Charles University, Czechia
NLK
BioMedCentral
from 2013-12-01
BioMedCentral Open Access
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Directory of Open Access Journals
from 2013
Free Medical Journals
from 2013
PubMed Central
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Europe PubMed Central
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ProQuest Central
from 2015-01-01
Open Access Digital Library
from 2013-01-01
Open Access Digital Library
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Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
from 2015-01-01
Psychology Database (ProQuest)
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ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
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Springer Nature OA/Free Journals
from 2013-12-01
- MeSH
- Factor Analysis, Statistical MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic * epidemiology MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Fear MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Ukraine MeSH
BACKGROUND: The current war in Ukraine has affected the well-being of people worldwide. In order to understand how difficult the situation is, specific stressors associated with war need to be measured. In response, an inventory of war-related stressors including its short form, has been developed. METHODS: A list of potential war-related stressors was created, and the content validity of each item assessed. The list, along with other validated scales, was administered to a representative sample of the Slovak population (effective N = 1851). Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity analysis and network analysis were carried out to determine the optimal scale (long and short form) focused on war-related stressors. RESULTS: The full version of the scale consists of 21 items, further divided into three factors: society-related stressors, person-related stressors, and security-related stressors. The short version of the scale comprises nine items loaded onto one factor. These items cover concerns for one's safety and future, access to necessities, potential worsening of the economic situation, and the risk of conflict escalation, including a nuclear threat. The results of the network analysis indicate that concern about escalation and fear of an economic crisis play a central role. CONCLUSIONS: The scale attempts to encompass a wide spectrum of areas that are affected by war and its potential consequences on individuals who reside outside the conflict zone. Given the complexity of the issue, researchers are invited to modify the scale, tailoring it to specific cultural, geographical, and temporal contexts.
Faculty of Education Charles University Prague Czechia
Faculty of Education University of Presov Prešov Slovakia
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
Institute of Political Science Faculty of Arts University of Presov Prešov Slovakia
Olomouc University Social Health Institute Palacky University Olomouc Czechia
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a BACKGROUND: The current war in Ukraine has affected the well-being of people worldwide. In order to understand how difficult the situation is, specific stressors associated with war need to be measured. In response, an inventory of war-related stressors including its short form, has been developed. METHODS: A list of potential war-related stressors was created, and the content validity of each item assessed. The list, along with other validated scales, was administered to a representative sample of the Slovak population (effective N = 1851). Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity analysis and network analysis were carried out to determine the optimal scale (long and short form) focused on war-related stressors. RESULTS: The full version of the scale consists of 21 items, further divided into three factors: society-related stressors, person-related stressors, and security-related stressors. The short version of the scale comprises nine items loaded onto one factor. These items cover concerns for one's safety and future, access to necessities, potential worsening of the economic situation, and the risk of conflict escalation, including a nuclear threat. The results of the network analysis indicate that concern about escalation and fear of an economic crisis play a central role. CONCLUSIONS: The scale attempts to encompass a wide spectrum of areas that are affected by war and its potential consequences on individuals who reside outside the conflict zone. Given the complexity of the issue, researchers are invited to modify the scale, tailoring it to specific cultural, geographical, and temporal contexts.
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