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Spatial navigation deficits in early Alzheimer's disease: the role of biomarkers and APOE genotype

M. Laczó, Z. Svacova, O. Lerch, L. Martinkovic, M. Krejci, Z. Nedelska, H. Horakova, V. Matoska, M. Vyhnalek, J. Hort, M. Hornberger, J. Laczó

. 2025 ; 272 (6) : 438. [pub] 20250602

Jazyk angličtina Země Německo

Typ dokumentu časopisecké články

Perzistentní odkaz   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc25015389

Grantová podpora
LX22NPO5107 National Institute for Neurological Research (Programme EXCELES, ID Project No. LX22NPO5107) - Funded by the European Union - Next Generation EU
00064203 Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic-conceptual development of research organization, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
6980382 Institutional Support of Excellence 3 2. LF UK
NW25-04-00337 Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic
40125 Grant Agency of Charles University
PRIMUS 22/MED/011 Grant Agency of Charles University
22-33968S Czech Science Foundation (GACR)

BACKGROUND: Spatial navigation deficits are early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the most important genetic risk factor for AD. This study investigated effects of APOE genotype on spatial navigation in biomarker-defined individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and associations of AD biomarkers and atrophy of AD-related brain regions with spatial navigation. METHODS: 107 participants, cognitively normal older adults (CN, n = 48) and aMCI individuals stratified into AD aMCI (n = 28) and non-AD aMCI (n = 31) groups, underwent cognitive assessment, brain MRI, and spatial navigation assessment using the Virtual Supermarket Test with egocentric and allocentric tasks and a self-report questionnaire. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (amyloid-β1-42, phosphorylated tau181 and total tau) and amyloid PET imaging were assessed in aMCI participants. RESULTS: AD aMCI participants had the highest prevalence of APOE ε4 carriers and worst allocentric navigation. CSF levels of AD biomarkers and atrophy in AD-related brain regions were associated with worse allocentric navigation. Between-group differences in spatial navigation and associations with AD biomarkers and regional brain atrophy were not influenced by APOE genotype. Self-reported navigation ability was similar across groups and unrelated to spatial navigation performance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that allocentric navigation deficits in aMCI individuals are predominantly driven by AD pathology, independent of APOE genotype. This highlights the role of AD pathology as measured by biomarkers, rather than genetic status, as a major factor in navigational impairment in aMCI, and emphasizes the assessment of spatial navigation as a valuable tool for early detection of AD.

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

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$a BACKGROUND: Spatial navigation deficits are early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is the most important genetic risk factor for AD. This study investigated effects of APOE genotype on spatial navigation in biomarker-defined individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and associations of AD biomarkers and atrophy of AD-related brain regions with spatial navigation. METHODS: 107 participants, cognitively normal older adults (CN, n = 48) and aMCI individuals stratified into AD aMCI (n = 28) and non-AD aMCI (n = 31) groups, underwent cognitive assessment, brain MRI, and spatial navigation assessment using the Virtual Supermarket Test with egocentric and allocentric tasks and a self-report questionnaire. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (amyloid-β1-42, phosphorylated tau181 and total tau) and amyloid PET imaging were assessed in aMCI participants. RESULTS: AD aMCI participants had the highest prevalence of APOE ε4 carriers and worst allocentric navigation. CSF levels of AD biomarkers and atrophy in AD-related brain regions were associated with worse allocentric navigation. Between-group differences in spatial navigation and associations with AD biomarkers and regional brain atrophy were not influenced by APOE genotype. Self-reported navigation ability was similar across groups and unrelated to spatial navigation performance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that allocentric navigation deficits in aMCI individuals are predominantly driven by AD pathology, independent of APOE genotype. This highlights the role of AD pathology as measured by biomarkers, rather than genetic status, as a major factor in navigational impairment in aMCI, and emphasizes the assessment of spatial navigation as a valuable tool for early detection of AD.
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$a Krejci, Monika $u Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, Praha 5 - Motol, 150 06, Prague, Czechia $u Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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$a Nedelska, Zuzana $u Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, Praha 5 - Motol, 150 06, Prague, Czechia
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$a Matoska, Vaclav $u Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czechia
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