- MeSH
- exekutivní funkce MeSH
- kognitivní remediace metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neuropsychologické testy * MeSH
- percepce MeSH
- prostorová navigace MeSH
- sociální dovednosti MeSH
- virtuální realita * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may serve as a symptomatic indicator for preclinical Alzheimer's disease; however, SCD is a heterogeneous entity regarding clinical progression. We aimed to investigate whether spatial navigation could reveal subcortical structural alterations and the risk of progression to objective cognitive impairment in SCD individuals. METHODS: One hundred and eighty participants were enrolled: those with SCD (n = 80), normal controls (NCs, n = 77), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 23). SCD participants were further divided into the SCD-good (G-SCD, n = 40) group and the SCD-bad (B-SCD, n = 40) group according to their spatial navigation performance. Volumes of subcortical structures were calculated and compared among the four groups, including basal forebrain, thalamus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala, and accumbens. Topological properties of the subcortical structural covariance network were also calculated. With an interval of 1.5 years ± 12 months of follow-up, the progression rate to MCI was compared between the G-SCD and B-SCD groups. RESULTS: Volumes of the basal forebrain, the right hippocampus, and their respective subfields differed significantly among the four groups (p < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). The B-SCD group showed lower volumes in the basal forebrain than the G-SCD group, especially in the Ch4p and Ch4a-i subfields. Furthermore, the structural covariance network of the basal forebrain and right hippocampal subfields showed that the B-SCD group had a larger Lambda than the G-SCD group, which suggested weakened network integration in the B-SCD group. At follow-up, the B-SCD group had a significantly higher conversion rate to MCI than the G-SCD group. CONCLUSION: Compared to SCD participants with good spatial navigation performance, SCD participants with bad performance showed lower volumes in the basal forebrain, a reorganized structural covariance network of subcortical nuclei, and an increased risk of progression to MCI. Our findings indicated that spatial navigation may have great potential to identify SCD subjects at higher risk of clinical progression, which may contribute to making more precise clinical decisions for SCD individuals who seek medical help.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive deficits are common in early multiple sclerosis (MS), however, spatial navigation changes and their associations with brain pathology remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the profile of spatial navigation changes in two main navigational strategies, egocentric (self-centred) and allocentric (world-centred), and their associations with demyelinating and neurodegenerative changes in early MS. METHODS: Participants with early MS after the first clinical event (n = 51) and age-, gender- and education-matched controls (n = 42) underwent spatial navigation testing in a real-space human analogue of the Morris water maze task, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, and MRI brain scan with voxel-based morphometry and volumetric analyses. RESULTS: The early MS group had lower performance in the egocentric (p = 0.010), allocentric (p = 0.004) and allocentric-delayed (p = 0.038) navigation tasks controlling for age, gender and education. Based on the applied criteria, lower spatial navigation performance was present in 26-29 and 33-41% of the participants with early MS in the egocentric and the allocentric task, respectively. Larger lesion load volume in cortical, subcortical and cerebellar regions (ß ≥ 0.29; p ≤ 0.032) unlike brain atrophy was associated with less accurate allocentric navigation performance. CONCLUSION: Lower spatial navigation performance is present in up to 41% of the participants with early MS. Demyelinating lesions in early MS may disrupt neural network forming the basis of allocentric navigation.
In this paper, we map navigational needs and preferences of patients and visitors to evaluate the appropriateness of a smartphone navigation application in the hospital in contrast to other, more traditional navigational cues. We test the effects of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, education) on wayfinding strategies and preferences of respondents (using chi2 tests). Empirical research is based on the survey among 928 patients/visitors of the Vítkovice Hospital in Ostrava, Czechia. We found a relatively weak association between gender and wayfinding-no major differences between men and women in navigational preferences were found. Age was the most important predictor of wayfinding. Respondents in the over-60-year age group were characteristic of a lower interest in changes of the navigational system and low willingness to use mobile applications for navigation-people between 41 years and 60 years were the biggest supporters of changes. Correspondingly, demand for improvement of navigation (including a mobile application) was positively correlated with educational level.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- podněty MeSH
- prostorová navigace * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- technologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 allele is associated with episodic memory and spatial navigation deficits. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Met allele may further worsen memory impairment in APOEɛ4 carriers but its role in APOEɛ4-related spatial navigation deficits has not been established. OBJECTIVE: We examined influence of APOE and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism combination on spatial navigation and volumes of selected navigation-related brain regions in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults and those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). METHODS: 187 participants (aMCI [n = 116] and CU [n = 71]) from the Czech Brain Aging Study were stratified based on APOE and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms into four groups: ɛ4-/BDNFVal/Val, ɛ4-/BDNFMet, ɛ4+/BDNFVal/Val, and ɛ4+/BDNFMet. The participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological examination, brain MRI, and spatial navigation testing of egocentric, allocentric, and allocentric delayed navigation in a real-space human analogue of the Morris water maze. RESULTS: Among the aMCI participants, the ɛ4+/BDNFMet group had the least accurate egocentric navigation performance (p < 0.05) and lower verbal memory performance than the ɛ4-/BDNFVal/Val group (p = 0.007). The ɛ4+/BDNFMet group had smaller hippocampal and entorhinal cortical volumes than the ɛ4-/BDNFVal/Val (p≤0.019) and ɛ4-/BDNFMet (p≤0.020) groups. Among the CU participants, the ɛ4+/BDNFMet group had less accurate allocentric and allocentric delayed navigation performance than the ɛ4-/BDNFVal/Val group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of APOEɛ4 and BDNF Met polymorphisms is associated with more pronounced egocentric navigation impairment and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe regions in individuals with aMCI and less accurate allocentric navigation in CU older adults.
- MeSH
- apolipoprotein E4 genetika MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce genetika patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový neurotrofický faktor genetika MeSH
- polymorfismus genetický MeSH
- prostorová navigace fyziologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Path integration is thought to rely on vestibular and proprioceptive cues yet most studies in humans involve primarily visual input, providing limited insight into their respective contributions. We developed a paradigm involving walking in an omnidirectional treadmill in which participants were guided on two sides of a triangle and then found their back way to origin. In Experiment 1, we tested a range of different triangle types while keeping the distance of the unguided side constant to determine the influence of spatial geometry. Participants overshot the angle they needed to turn and undershot the distance they needed to walk, with no consistent effect of triangle type. In Experiment 2, we manipulated distance while keeping angle constant to determine how path integration operated over both shorter and longer distances. Participants underestimated the distance they needed to walk to the origin, with error increasing as a function of the walked distance. To attempt to account for our findings, we developed configural-based computational models involving vector addition, the second of which included terms for the influence of past trials on the current one. We compared against a previously developed configural model of human path integration, the Encoding-Error model. We found that the vector addition models captured the tendency of participants to under-encode guided sides of the triangles and an influence of past trials on current trials. Together, our findings expand our understanding of body-based contributions to human path integration, further suggesting the value of vector addition models in understanding these important components of human navigation.
- MeSH
- chůze fyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- orientace fyziologie MeSH
- podněty MeSH
- propriocepce fyziologie MeSH
- prostorová navigace fyziologie MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- vnímání prostoru fyziologie MeSH
- výpočetní biologie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc patologie MeSH
- hipokampus patologie fyziologie MeSH
- kognitivní dysfunkce patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prostorová navigace * MeSH
- stárnutí * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- úvodníky MeSH
Detection of incipient Alzheimer disease (AD) pathophysiology is critical to identify preclinical individuals and target potentially disease-modifying therapies towards them. Current neuroimaging and biomarker research is strongly focused in this direction, with the aim of establishing AD fingerprints to identify individuals at high risk of developing this disease. By contrast, cognitive fingerprints for incipient AD are virtually non-existent as diagnostics and outcomes measures are still focused on episodic memory deficits as the gold standard for AD, despite their low sensitivity and specificity for identifying at-risk individuals. This Review highlights a novel feature of cognitive evaluation for incipient AD by focusing on spatial navigation and orientation deficits, which are increasingly shown to be present in at-risk individuals. Importantly, the navigation system in the brain overlaps substantially with the regions affected by AD in both animal models and humans. Notably, spatial navigation has fewer verbal, cultural and educational biases than current cognitive tests and could enable a more uniform, global approach towards cognitive fingerprints of AD and better cognitive treatment outcome measures in future multicentre trials. The current Review appraises the available evidence for spatial navigation and/or orientation deficits in preclinical, prodromal and confirmed AD and identifies research gaps and future research priorities.
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc diagnóza patofyziologie MeSH
- biologické markery * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prodromální symptomy * MeSH
- prostorová navigace fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- geografické informační systémy * přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurozobrazování MeSH
- prostorová navigace MeSH
- thalamus * fyziologie MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
