Hormonal contraception and risk of cancer
Jazyk angličtina Země Velká Británie, Anglie Médium print-electronic
Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, přehledy
PubMed
20543200
DOI
10.1093/humupd/dmq022
PII: dmq022
Knihovny.cz E-zdroje
- MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- geny BRCA1 MeSH
- geny BRCA2 MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory epidemiologie MeSH
- kontraceptiva orální hormonální škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metaanalýza jako téma MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory endometria epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory jater epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory plic epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory prsu epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- nádory vaječníků epidemiologie MeSH
- nádory epidemiologie genetika MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- kontraceptiva orální hormonální MeSH
BACKGROUND: Fear from increased cancer risk is one of the most significant reasons for low acceptance of reliable contraceptive methods and low compliance. METHODS: In this review, we included all cohort and case-control studies published in English up to December 2008. They were identified through a search of the literature using Pubmed and EMBASE. RESULTS: Data about breast cancer risk indicate a slightly increased risk among current users of oral contraceptives (OC), an effect which disappears 5-10 years after stopping. Combined OC have a significant protective effect on the risk of ovarian cancer, and the protection increases with duration of use (relative risk decreased by 20% for each 5 years of use). The significant risk reduction has been confirmed for BRCA 1 and 2 mutation carriers. The risk of endometrial cancer is reduced by about 50% in ever users, a benefit which is greater with increasing duration of use. An association has been found between increased risk of cervical cancer and long-term OC use. Current OC use has been associated with an excess risk of benign liver tumours and a modest increased risk of liver cancer. None of large prospective cohort studies with prolonged follow-up has observed an increased overall risk of cancer incidence or mortality among ever users of OC, indeed several have suggested important long-term benefits. Specifically, protective effect of OC can be used as chemoprevention in young women who are BRCA mutation carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Women wishing to use combined OC can be reassured that their decision is unlikely to place them at higher risk of developing cancer.
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