MicroRNAs involved in chemo- and radioresistance of high-grade gliomas
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
- MeSH
- Apoptosis MeSH
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins MeSH
- Checkpoint Kinase 2 MeSH
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm genetics MeSH
- DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism MeSH
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases metabolism MeSH
- Glioma * drug therapy genetics radiotherapy MeSH
- Neoplasm Invasiveness MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- MicroRNAs genetics metabolism MeSH
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins metabolism MeSH
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism MeSH
- Brain Neoplasms drug therapy genetics radiotherapy MeSH
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism MeSH
- Cell Cycle Proteins metabolism MeSH
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt metabolism MeSH
- Radiation Tolerance genetics MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- ATM protein, human MeSH Browser
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins MeSH
- Checkpoint Kinase 2 MeSH
- CHEK2 protein, human MeSH Browser
- DNA-Binding Proteins MeSH
- MicroRNAs MeSH
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins MeSH
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 MeSH
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases MeSH
- Cell Cycle Proteins MeSH
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt MeSH
- TP53 protein, human MeSH Browser
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are malignant primary brain tumors of glial cell origin. Despite optimal course of treatment, including maximal surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo- and/or radiotherapy, the prognosis still remains poor. The main reason is the commonly occurring chemo- and radioresistance of these tumors. In recent years, several signaling pathways, especially PI3K/AKT and ATM/CHK2/p53, have been linked to the resistance of gliomas. Moreover, additional studies have shown that these pathways are significantly regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), short endogenous RNA molecules that modulate gene expression and control many biological processes including apoptosis, proliferation, cell cycle, invasivity, and angiogenesis. MiRNAs are not only highly deregulated in gliomas, their expression signatures have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapy response. Therefore, they present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome the resistance to treatment and improve prognosis of glioma patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of miRNAs in gliomas resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy.
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