We identified emerging scientific, technological, and sociopolitical issues likely to affect how biological invasions are studied and managed over the next two decades. Issues were ranked according to their probability of emergence, pervasiveness, potential impact, and novelty. Top-ranked issues include the application of genomic modification tools to control invasions, effects of Arctic globalization on invasion risk in the Northern Hemisphere, commercial use of microbes to facilitate crop production, the emergence of invasive microbial pathogens, and the fate of intercontinental trade agreements. These diverse issues suggest an expanding interdisciplinary role for invasion science in biosecurity and ecosystem management, burgeoning applications of biotechnology in alien species detection and control, and new frontiers in the microbial ecology of invasions.

Bio Protection Research Centre Lincoln University PO Box 85840 Lincoln 7647 Canterbury New Zealand

Cambridge University Department of Zoology Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ UK

Cambridge University Department of Zoology Pembroke Street Cambridge CB2 3QZ UK; Workshop organizers

Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT UK; Institute of Zoology Zoological Society of London Regent's Park London NW1 4RY UK

Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch University Matieland 7602 South Africa

Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences SE901 83 Umeå Sweden; Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research University of Windsor Windsor ONT N9B 3P4 Canada

Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast MBC 97 Lisburn Road Belfast BT9 7BL UK

Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences CZ 252 43 Průhonice Czech Republic; Department of Ecology Faculty of Science Charles University Viničná 7 CZ 12844 Prague 2 Czech Republic

Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries 12587 Berlin Germany; Institute of Biology Freie Universität Berlin Königin Luise Str 1 3 14195 Berlin Germany; Berlin Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research 14195 Berlin Germany

Maritime Studies Program Williams College Mystic Seaport 75 Greenmanville Mystic CT 06355 USA

Redpath Museum McGill University Montreal QC H3A 0C4 Canada; Workshop organizers

Rutgers University Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources 14 College Farm New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA

Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater MD 21037 USA

University of Tennessee Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Knoxville TN 37996 USA

University of Victoria Biology Department 3800 Finnerty Road Victoria BC V8P 5C2 Canada

US Forest Service Northern Research Station 180 Canfield St Morgantown WV USA

Comment In

Trends Ecol Evol. 2017 Nov;32(11):809-810. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.007. PubMed

Comment In

Trends Ecol Evol. 2017 Nov;32(11):807-808. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.08.006. PubMed

References provided by Crossref.org

Long-term contamination by non-native fish assemblages in a Neotropical floodplain

Freshwater mussel conservation: A global horizon scan of emerging threats and opportunities

Survival, Growth, and Reproduction: Comparison of Marbled Crayfish with Four Prominent Crayfish Invaders

Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Drivers of future alien species impacts: An expert-based assessment

Developing a list of invasive alien species likely to threaten biodiversity and ecosystems in the European Union