Oxidative stress is closely linked to the toxic responses of various cell types in normal and pathophysiological conditions. Deoxynivalenol (DON), an inducer of stress responses in the ribosome and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), causes mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis through oxidative stress in humans and animals. The NF-κB pathway, which is closely linked to oxidative stress, is hypothesized to be a critical signaling pathway for DON-induced toxicity and is a potential target for intervention. The present study was conducted to explore the protective effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) from the toxic effects of DON in rat anterior pituitary GH3 cells. Our results showed that DON activated the NF-κB transcription factors and induced cellular oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Morphological studies using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cell apoptosis analyses suggested that PDTC prevented DON-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, probably by preventing the DON-induced translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus, and by inhibiting DON-induced iNOS expression. This led to the blocking of the NF-κB pathway and inhibition of iNOS activity.

College of Life Science Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic

Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Wuhan 430070 China

Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agro Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Changsha Hunan 410125 China

MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products Wuhan 430070 China

National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Wuhan 430070 China

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