Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), detached from the primary tumor or metastases and shed in the patient's bloodstream, represent a relatively easily obtainable sample of the cancer tissue that can indicate the actual state of cancer, and their evaluation can be repeated many times during the course of treatment. As part of liquid biopsy, evaluation of CTCs provides a lot of clinically relevant information, which reflects the actual, real-time conditions of the disease. CTCs can be used in cancer diagnosis or screening, real-time long-term disease monitoring and even therapy guidance. Their analysis can include their number, morphology, and biological features by using immunocytochemistry and all "-omic" technologies. This review describes methods of CTC isolation and potential clinical utilization in lung cancer.

3rd Department of Surgery University Hospital FN Motol and 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Department of Histology and Embryology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland

Department of Laboratory Genetics Laboratory Diagnostics University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Prague Czech Republic

Department of Thoracic Surgery Krajska Zdravotni a s Hospital Usti nad Labem Czech Republic

Department of Thoracic Surgery Lower Silesian Oncology Centre Wroclaw Poland

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Recent Advances in Methods for Circulating Tumor Cell Detection