Nucleic acid amplification for the detection of infectious diseases, food pathogens, or assessment of genetic disorders require a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and technical expertise. Isothermal deoxyribonucleic acid amplification methods, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), exhibit characteristics ideal for point-of-care (POC) applications, since their instrumentation is simpler in comparison with the standard method of polymerase chain reaction. Other key advantages of LAMP are robustness and the production of pyrophosphate in the presence of the target gene, enabling to detect the reaction products using the naked eye. Polymerase inhibitors, presented in clinical samples, do not affect the amplification process, making LAMP suitable for a simple sample-to-answer diagnostic systems with simplified sample preparation. In this review, we discuss the trends in miniaturized LAMP techniques, such as microfluidic, paper-based, and digital with their advantages and disadvantages, especially for POC applications alongside our opinion of the future development of miniaturized LAMP.

Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology National University of Singapore MD6 14 Medical Drive 14 01 117599 Singapore

Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Purkyňova 123 61300 Brno Czech Republic

Faculty of Electrical Engineering Brno University of Technology Technická 3058 10 61600 Brno Czech Republic

Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Mechanical Engineering Department of Microsystem Engineering 127 West Youyi Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 PR China

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