Neuroblastoma survivors show signs of immunosenescence early after therapy in CD8+ T cell compartment and elevated plasma TNF-α but in later follow-up immune recovery comes into play. Whether the recovery phenotype is long lasting or transient remains to be elucidated, however, late adverse effects often occur in childhood cancer survivors.

1st Neurology Department St Anne's University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic

Department of Biology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Experimental Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy

Department of Paediatric Oncology University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic

Department of Pathophysiology 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion Prague Czech Republic

International Clinical Research Center St Anne's University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic

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