Thermal plasma systems are being used for the recovery of metals from complex waste and minerals. The latter contain multiphase metals in various forms that are extremely tedious to separate. Thermal plasma arc melts the waste and minerals for qualitative plasma products for powder industries. In this overview, we briefly report a description of the various thermal plasma systems and their uses in recovering metal from metal-containing materials in the form of waste or minerals. Various plasma arc systems, such as transferred, nontransferred, and extended arc, have enabled the development of an efficient and environmentally friendly way to recover valuable metals from industrial wastes such as red mud and minerals such as ilmenite.

Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania and UdR Catania Consorzio INSTM Viale Andrea Doria 6 95125 Catania Italy

FZU Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Science Prague 8 Na Slovance 1999 2 18221 Prague Czech Republic

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Interfacial Adhesion of Thick NiTi Coating on Substrate Stainless Steel