minerals
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V současné dohě je hledáno vysvětleni pro snižováni parametrů lidského semene pozorovaného v posledních 50 letech. Jednou z možných příčin je kouření. Cílem studie, jejíž dílčí výsledky publikigeme, bylo sledování markerů kvality semene u kouřících a nekouřících mužů a vyhodnocení vlivu multivitaminové a minerálové suplementace. K šetření byla vybrána sociálně homogenní skupina 50 mladých a zdravých studentů vysoké školy vojenské, exponovaná rovněž podobným podmínkám života a profesním faktorům. Vzorky ejakulátu získávané masturbací byly opakovaně vyšetřovány po dobu 2 cyklů spermiogeneze podle standardní metodiky WHO. Dle harmonogramu dvojitého zkříženého slepého pokusu byla podávána multivitaminová a minerálová suplementace vždy 50 % kuřákům a 50 % nekuřákům v kombinaci 8 placebem. Dávky účinných nutrientů doplňovaly jejich přirozený přívod stravou. Objektivním markerem suplementace byla hladina zinku v ejakulátu stanovená metodou AAS. Kvantitativní znaky semene byly ve všech vyšetřeních lepší než limity WHO: objem v průměru 3,45 ml, SD 1,48 ml, hustota spermií 83,5 miUml (SD 63,2), celkový počet spermii 358 mil. (SD 382). Hustota spermií vykazovala statisticky významné sezónní kolísání s maximem v březnu (123 miUml. SD 74,4 miliml). Soubor měl rovněž nadlimitní zastoupení spermií s normálními morfologickými znaky (34,5 % SD 11,6% buněk). Kuřáci měli v průměru signifikantně nižší objem semene než nekuřáci (o 0,13 ml), nižší hustotu spermií (o 4,84 miUml) a nižší celkový počet spermií (o 163 mil.). Základní funkční vlastnost spermií - motilita - byla narušena v celém souboru: v průměru jen 38,3 % (SD 15,7 %) buněk bylo pohyblivých a z nich jen 43,8 % (SD 18,3 %) vykazovalo lineární pohyblivost. Vitaminová a minerálová suplementace signifikantně zlepšila lineární pohyblivost spermií: v ovlivňované skupině se zvýšil počet lineárně pohyblivých buněk o 12,5 % resp. o 17 % ve srovnání se skupinou dostávsgící placebo. Prevalence lineárně pohyblivých buněk signifikantně korelovala s obsaJiem zinku v semeni (regr. koef. r = +0,19, p < 0,01).
The reasons for sperm parameters decrease during the last 50 years are investigated. Smoking can be one of the risk factors. This study observed the markers of human semen quality among smoking and no-smoking men and the influence of multivitamins and minerals supplementation on semen quality. A group of 50 healthy young students of army academy were chosen for their homogenous social, environmental and occupational conditions. Their semen samples were obtained by masturbation repeatedly and investigated according to WHO standardized methods during two cycles of spermiogenesis. 50 % of non-smokers and 50 % of smokers received vitamins and minerals supplementation by the double-blind cross intervention schedule in combination with placebo. The active nutrient doses were calculated as an addition to their natural intake with food. The zinc levels in semen (measured by AAS) were used as a marker of supplementation. Markers of semen quantity were on the average better thant the WHO limits: volume 3.46 (SD 1.48), sperm density 83.5 mil/l ml (SD 63.2), sperm count 358 mil (SD 382 mil). Significant seasonal variation in sperm density has been observed with the highest values in March (123 mil/1 ml, SD 74.4). Also the prevalence of cells with normal morphology was above the WHO limit (34.6 %, SD 11.6 %). Lower average sperm volume (about 0.13 ml), lower sperm density (about 4.84 mil/l ml) and lower sperm count (about 163 mil) were observed among smokers as compared with non-smokers: these differences were significant. Fundamental sperm function - their motUity - has been failured among whole group: on the average, only 38.3 % (SD 16.7 %) of cells were motile and among them, only 43.8 % (SD 18.3 %) were with the linear motility. Supplementation with vitamins and minerals has greatly improved the sperm linear motility: the prevalence of lineary motile cells in the interventioned grou increased about 12.6 % and 17 % resp. in comparison with the placebo group. Th significant linear regression of zinc levels in semen and linear motile cells prevc lence has been documented (r = +0.19, p < 0.01).
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály terapeutické užití MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- motilita spermií MeSH
- spermie anatomie a histologie MeSH
- vitaminy terapeutické užití MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- zinek metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
European journal of cancer prevention, ISSN 0959-8278 Supplement Vol. 6. 1
S81 s. : il. ; 32 cm
- MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- jídelníček MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- nádory prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vitaminy MeSH
- volné radikály metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- sborníky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
- NLK Obory
- onkologie
- nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
World review of nutrition and dietetics, ISSN 0084-2230 vol. 54, 1987
XII, 292 s. : tab. ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- poruchy výživy MeSH
- výživa - přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Afrika MeSH
- Arábie MeSH
Seaweed is known as an abundant source of minerals. Mineral composition of seaweed is very changeable because of many exogenous and endogenous factors and differs also within the same species. Principally, seaweed is an excellent source of some essential elements. Mainly, iron and iodine are in high concentration. Seaweeds could be prospective as functional foods and also producers of mineral nutraceuticals.
- MeSH
- biologická dostupnost MeSH
- fyziologie výživy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály chemie farmakokinetika farmakologie MeSH
- mořské řasy chemie MeSH
- potravní doplňky analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Nutrition and health
397 s.
Přírodní aluminosilikáty přidané ke třem druhům domácího prachu snížily počet bakterií, sporulujících bakterií a plísní v prachu oproti kontrole bez minerálů. Po prosátí sítem bylo více mikroorganizmů zjištěno ve frakci prachu menší než 1 mm než ve frakci větší než 1 mm. Použití přírodních minerálů pro odstranění mikroorganizmů z koberců je diskutováno.
Natural aluminosilica minerals added to the three type of house dust decreased quantity of bacteria, sporulating bacteria and moulds compared to control without minerals. More microorganisms were found in a part of house dust less than 1 mm after passing through a 1 mm mesh sieve than in larger ones. To use natural minerals for elimination of microorganisms from carpets is discussed.
The aim of the present study was to investigate tebuconazole sorption on common soil minerals (birnessite, ferrihydrite, goethite, calcite and illite) and humic acids (representing soil organic matter). Tebuconazole was used (i) in the commercial form Horizon 250 EW and (ii) as an analytical grade pure chemical. In the experiment with the commercially available tebuconazole, a significant pH-dependent sorption onto the oxides was observed (decreasing sorption with increasing pH). The highest sorption was found for ferrihydrite due to its high specific surface area, followed by humic acids, birnessite, goethite and illite. No detectable sorption was found for calcite. The sorption of analytical grade tebuconazole on all selected minerals was significantly lower compared to the commercial product. The sorption was the highest for humic acids, followed by ferrihydrite and illite and almost negligible for goethite and birnessite without any pH dependence. Again, no sorption was observed for calcite. The differences in sorption of the commercially available and analytical grade tebuconazole can be attributed to the additives (e.g., solvents) present in the commercial product. This work proved the importance of soil mineralogy and composition of the commercially available pesticides on the behavior of tebuconazole in soils.
Ungulates select diets with high energy, protein, and sodium contents. However, it is scarcely known the influence of essential minerals other than Na in diet preferences. Moreover, almost no information is available about the possible influence of toxic levels of essential minerals on avoidance of certain plant species. The aim of this research was to test the relative importance of mineral content of plants in diet selection by red deer (Cervus elaphus) in an annual basis. We determined mineral, protein and ash content in 35 common Mediterranean plant species (the most common ones in the study area). These plant species were previously classified as preferred and non-preferred. We found that deer preferred plants with low contents of Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Cu, Sr and Zn. The model obtained was greatly accurate identifying the preferred plant species (91.3% of correct assignments). After a detailed analysis of these minerals (considering deficiencies and toxicity levels both in preferred and non-preferred plants) we suggest that the avoidance of excessive sulphur in diet (i.e., selection for plants with low sulphur content) seems to override the maximization for other nutrients. Low sulphur content seems to be a forgotten factor with certain relevance for explaining diet selection in deer. Recent studies in livestock support this conclusion, which is highlighted here for the first time in diet selection by a wild large herbivore. Our results suggest that future studies should also take into account the toxicity levels of minerals as potential drivers of preferences.
- MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- minerály analýza MeSH
- rostliny chemie klasifikace MeSH
- učení vyhýbat se MeSH
- vysoká zvěř metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Středomoří MeSH
Mathematical modelling of the relationships between mineral inputs and outputs would enable the prediction of mineral requirements of poultry under a wide range of conditions. To establish the feasibility of possible modelling of mineral requirements, the current study aimed to describe the individual mineral concentrations of whole bodies of quail over the life cycle from hatching to 70 days of age. Quail were reared indoors without any restrictions that could limit growth. Sampling of birds (n = 6-18) was carried out at 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 35, 49 and 70 days after hatching. Freeze-dried samples of whole bodies (digestive contents removed) were analysed for ash, and macrominerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium) and microminerals (copper, iron, manganese, nickel, selenium, zinc). Ash concentration followed a curvilinear trend, with a maximum of 101.7 g/kg dry matter at 32.77 days. Individual mineral concentrations, expressed as a proportion of ash, were fluctuating over time, with the most prominent changes at 3 days and again at either 14 or 21 days. Dissimilar patterns in individual mineral concentrations resulted that ratios between minerals followed inconsistent patterns over time. Although mineral contents in absolute quantities can be described through modelling over the entire life cycle of the bird, it can be concluded that variable concentrations of individual minerals could complicate further model development.
- MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- Coturnix fyziologie MeSH
- minerály chemie MeSH
- složení těla fyziologie MeSH
- stárnutí fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
