Nanoparticles have drawn significant interest in a range of applications, ranging from biomedical to environmental sciences, due to their distinctive physicochemical characteristics. In this study, it was reported that simple biological production of Ag, Se, and bimetallic Ag2Se nanoparticles (NPs) with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a promising, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method. For the first time in the scientific literature, Ag2Se nanoparticles have been generated via green bacterial biosynthesis. UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and EDX were used to characterize the produced NPs. Biosynthesized NPs were examined for antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, and it was determined that the effects of NPs were dose dependent. The biosynthesized AgNPs, SeNPs, and Ag2Se NPs showed anti-microbial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of E. coli and S. aureus were between 150 and 250 μg/mL. The NPs showed antibiofilm activity against E. coli and S. aureus at sub-MIC levels and reduced biofilm formation by at least 80% at a concentration of 200 μg/mL of each NPs. To photocatalyze the breakdown of Congo red, Ag, Se, and Ag2Se NPs were utilized, and their photocatalytic activity was tested at various concentrations and intervals. A minor decrease of photocatalytic degradation was detected throughout the NPs reuse operation (five cycles). Based on the encouraging findings, the synthesized NPs demonstrated antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties, suggesting that they might be used in pharmaceutical, medical, environmental, and other applications.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie chemická syntéza MeSH
- biofilmy * účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli * účinky léků MeSH
- katalýza MeSH
- kovové nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa * účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- selen chemie farmakologie MeSH
- sloučeniny stříbra chemie farmakologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus * účinky léků MeSH
- stříbro * chemie farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- technologie zelené chemie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Autoři v článku prezentují epidemiologii, rizikové faktory přispívající ke vzniku urolitiáz, věnují se dále laboratornímu vyšetření u litiatiků, včetně problematiky analýzy složení konkrementů a jeho významu. Hlavním cílem článku je předložení metod neinvazivní léčby jednotlivých typů litiázy, především metafylaxe u pacientů s litiázou, a to jak režimových opatřeních, tak i užití farmak, které přispívají ke snížení četností recidiv litiázy, ale i komplikacím, které jsou s tímto onemocněním spojené.
The authors present the epidemiology, risk factors contributing to the development of urolithiasis, laboratory examination in lithiatic patients, including the analysis of the composition of concrements and its significance. The main goal of the article is to present the methods of non-invasive treatment of different types of lithiasis, especially metaphylaxis in patients with lithiasis, both regimen measures and the use of drugs that contribute to reducing the frequency of recurrences of lithiasis, as well as complications associated with this disease
- MeSH
- alopurinol farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- analýza moči metody MeSH
- cystinurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- difrakce rentgenového záření metody MeSH
- diuretika farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- hydroxyapatit terapeutické užití MeSH
- hyperkalciurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- hyperoxalurie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- hyperurikemie farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- infekce močového ústrojí etiologie komplikace MeSH
- kaliumcitrát farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- kaménky etiologie klasifikace terapie MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxaláty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- urolitiáza * diagnóza farmakoterapie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- vápník dietní terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
This study presents a graphene field-effect transistor (gFET) biosensor with dual detection capabilities for SARS-CoV-2: one RNA detection assay to confirm viral positivity and the other for nucleocapsid (N-)protein detection as a proxy for infectiousness of the patient. This technology can be rapidly adapted to emerging infectious diseases, making an essential tool to contain future pandemics. To detect viral RNA, the highly conserved E-gene of the virus was targeted, allowing for the determination of SARS-CoV-2 presence or absence using nasopharyngeal swab samples. For N-protein detection, specific antibodies were used. Tested on 213 clinical nasopharyngeal samples, the gFET biosensor showed good correlation with RT-PCR cycle threshold values, proving its high sensitivity in detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Specificity was confirmed using 21 pre-pandemic samples positive for other respiratory viruses. The gFET biosensor had a limit of detection (LOD) for N-protein of 0.9 pM, establishing a foundation for the development of a sensitive tool for monitoring active viral infection. Results of gFET based N-protein detection corresponded to the results of virus culture in all 16 available clinical samples and thus it also proved its capability to serve as a proxy for infectivity. Overall, these findings support the potential of the gFET biosensor as a point-of-care device for rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and indirect assessment of infectiousness in patients, providing additional information for clinical and public health decision-making.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky * přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- COVID-19 * diagnóza virologie MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- elektronické tranzistory MeSH
- fosfoproteiny MeSH
- grafit * chemie MeSH
- koronavirové nukleokapsidové proteiny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- nazofarynx virologie MeSH
- RNA virová * izolace a purifikace analýza MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 * izolace a purifikace genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
In intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), and some other immunoglobulin products, protein particles have been implicated in adverse events. Role and mechanisms of immunoglobulin particles in vascular adverse effects of blood components and manufactured biologics have not been elucidated. We have developed a model of spherical silica microparticles (SiMPs) of distinct sizes 200-2000 nm coated with different IVIG- or albumin (HSA)-coronas and investigated their effects on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). IVIG products (1-20 mg/mL), bare SiMPs or SiMPs with IVIG-corona, did not display significant toxicity to unstimulated HUVEC. In contrast, in TNFα-stimulated HUVEC, IVIG-SiMPs induced decrease of HUVEC viability compared to HSA-SiMPs, while no toxicity of soluble IVIG was observed. 200 nm IVIG-SiMPs after 24 h treatment further increased ICAM1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) and tissue factor surface expression, apoptosis, mammalian target of rapamacin (mTOR)-dependent activation of autophagy, and release of extracellular vesicles, positive for mitophagy markers. Toxic effects of IVIG-SiMPs were most prominent for 200 nm SiMPs and decreased with larger SiMP size. Using blocking antibodies, toxicity of IVIG-SiMPs was found dependent on FcγRII receptor expression on HUVEC, which increased after TNFα-stimulation. Similar results were observed with different IVIG products and research grade IgG preparations. In conclusion, submicron particles with immunoglobulin corona induced size-dependent toxicity in TNFα-stimulated HUVEC via FcγRII receptors, associated with apoptosis and mTOR-dependent activation of autophagy. Testing of IVIG toxicity in endothelial cells prestimulated with proinflammatory cytokines is relevant to clinical conditions. Our results warrant further studies on endothelial toxicity of sub-visible immunoglobulin particles.
- MeSH
- apoptóza účinky léků MeSH
- autofagie * účinky léků MeSH
- endoteliální buňky pupečníkové žíly (lidské) * účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- intravenózní imunoglobuliny * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezibuněčná adhezivní molekula-1 metabolismus MeSH
- oxid křemičitý chemie toxicita MeSH
- proteinová korona metabolismus MeSH
- receptory IgG * metabolismus MeSH
- TNF-alfa * metabolismus MeSH
- TOR serin-threoninkinasy metabolismus MeSH
- velikost částic MeSH
- viabilita buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
V tomto článku autoři seznamují čtenáře se zajímavou kazuistikou pacienta, horníka pracujícího 18 let v hornictví, dispenzarizovaného na Klinice pracovního lékařství Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň pro dvě nemoci z povolání – pneumokonióza uhlokopa prostá byla hlášená jako nemoc z povolání v roce 1993 a onemocnění kloubů a nervů z vibrací bylo hlášeno o rok později. Pacient se od roku 2015 nedostavoval k našim pravidelným kontrolám podle dispenzárního řádu. K vyšetření se dostavil až v září 2023, kdy bylo zjištěno, že se od roku 2020 léčí pro karcinom plic. V článku je shrnuta etiopatogeneze a diagnostika pneumokonióz, problematika kritérií pro uznávání těchto nemocí z povolání, počet nově hlášených nemoci z povolání v souvislosti s hornictvím, problematika v souvislosti s prací při těžbě v černouhelných dolech a expozice oxidu křemičitého (SiO2). Krátce je zde přiblížena historie hornické činnosti v okolí Plzně, konkrétně z oblasti výkonu práce našeho pacienta před ukončením práce v dolech.
In this article, the authors introduce the reader to an interesting patient case report of a patient, a miner who worked in mining for 18 years, who was treated at our Occupational Medicine Clinic of the Pilsen University Hospital for two occupational diseases – pneumoconiosis in a miner was reported as an occupational disease in 1993 and vibration joint and nerve disease was reported a year later. Since 2015, the patient has not attended our regular check-ups according to dispensary regulations. He did not come for an examination until September 2023, when it was discovered that he was being treated for lung cancer from 2020. The article summarizes the etiopathogenesis and diagnosis of pneumoconioses, the issue of criteria for the recognition of these occupational diseases, the number of newly reported occupational diseases in connection with mining, issues related to work in coal mines and exposure to silicon dioxide (SiO2). The history of mining activity in the vicinity of Pilsen is briefly explained here, specifically from the area of our patient‘s work performance before ending his work in the mines.
- MeSH
- antrakóza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- horníci * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory plic diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- nemoci kloubů diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- nemoci z povolání * diagnóza MeSH
- oxid křemičitý toxicita MeSH
- pracovní expozice MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
In recent years, multifunctional nanocarriers that provide simultaneous drug delivery and imaging have attracted enormous attention, especially in cancer treatment. In this research, a biocompatible fluorescent multifunctional nanocarrier is designed for the co-delivery of capsaicin (CPS) and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) using the pH sensitive amphiphilic block copolymer (poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone), PEtOx-b-PCL). The effects of the critical formulation parameters (the amount of copolymer, the concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a stabilizing agent in the inner aqueous phase, and volume of the inner phase) are evaluated to achieve optimal nanoparticle (NP) properties using Central Composite Design. The optimized NPs demonstrated a desirable size distribution (167.8 ± 1.4 nm) with a negative surface charge (-19.9 ± 0.4) and a suitable loading capacity for CPS (70.80 ± 0.05%). The CPS & N-GQD NPs are found to have remarkable toxicity on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7). The solid fluorescent signal is acquired from cells containing multifunctional NPs, according to the confocal microscope imaging results, confirming the significant cellular uptake. This research illustrates the enormous potential for cellular imaging and enhanced cancer therapy offered by multifunctional nanocarriers that combine drug substances with the novel fluorescent agents.
- MeSH
- dusík * chemie MeSH
- fluorescenční barviva chemie MeSH
- grafit * chemie MeSH
- kapsaicin * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- kvantové tečky * chemie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- MFC-7 buňky MeSH
- nanočástice * chemie MeSH
- nosiče léků chemie MeSH
- polymery chemie MeSH
- protinádorové látky * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- teranostická nanomedicína * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We analyzed gene expression in THP-1 cells exposed to metal-based nanomaterials (NMs) [TiO2 (NM-100), ZnO (NM-110), SiO2 (NM-200), Ag (NM-300 K)]. A functional enrichment analysis of the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified the key modulated biological processes and pathways. DEGs were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks. NM-110 and NM-300 K induced changes in the expression of genes involved in oxidative and genotoxic stress, immune response, alterations of cell cycle, detoxification of metal ions and regulation of redox-sensitive pathways. Both NMs shared a number of highly connected protein nodes (hubs) including CXCL8, ATF3, HMOX1, and IL1B. NM-200 induced limited transcriptional changes, mostly related to the immune response; however, several hubs (CXCL8, ATF3) were identical with NM-110 and NM-300 K. No effects of NM-100 were observed. Overall, soluble nanomaterials NM-110 and NM-300 K exerted a wide variety of toxic effects, while insoluble NM-200 induced immunotoxicity; NM-100 caused no detectable changes on the gene expression level.
- MeSH
- hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
- interleukin-8 metabolismus genetika MeSH
- kovové nanočástice toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mapy interakcí proteinů * účinky léků MeSH
- nanostruktury toxicita MeSH
- oxid křemičitý toxicita MeSH
- oxid zinečnatý toxicita chemie MeSH
- stříbro * toxicita MeSH
- THP-1 buňky MeSH
- titan * toxicita MeSH
- transkripční faktor ATF3 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- transkriptom účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) improve outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, MRAs are often underused because of hyperkalemia concerns. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess whether sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), a nonabsorbed crystal that traps and rapidly lowers potassium, enables MRA use in patients with HFrEF and prevalent hyperkalemia (or at high risk). METHODS: REALIZE-K is a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with HFrEF (NYHA functional class II-IV; left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%), optimal therapy (except MRA), and prevalent hyperkalemia (or at high risk). During the open-label run-in, all participants underwent protocol-mandated spironolactone titration (target: 50 mg daily); those with prevalent (cohort 1) or incident (cohort 2) hyperkalemia during titration started SZC. Participants achieving normokalemia while on spironolactone ≥25 mg daily were randomized to continuing SZC or matching placebo for 6 months. The primary composite endpoint was proportion of participants with optimal response (normokalemia, on spironolactone ≥25 mg daily, no rescue for hyperkalemia [months 1-6]). RESULTS: Of 365 patients (run-in), 202 were randomized. Baseline characteristics included mean age 70 years, prevalent comorbidities (78% estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 38% atrial fibrillation/flutter), high N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (median 1,136 pg/mL), and high HFrEF therapy use (64% sacubitril/valsartan, 96% beta-blocker, 42% sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor). At randomization, 78% were receiving spironolactone 50 mg daily. CONCLUSIONS: REALIZE-K is the first trial to evaluate whether SZC can enable rapid and safe MRA optimization and long-term continuation in patients with HFrEF and prevalent/high risk of hyperkalemia. (Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of SZC for the Management of High Potassium in Patients with Symptomatic HFrEF Receiving Spironolactone [REALIZE-K]; NCT04676646).
- MeSH
- antagonisté mineralokortikoidních receptorů * terapeutické užití aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- hyperkalemie * farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- silikáty * terapeutické užití aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- spironolakton * aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- srdeční selhání * farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- tepový objem * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter represents the most common reported foodborne bacterial illness worldwide, followed by salmonellosis. Both diseases are often caused by the consumption of contaminated, insufficiently heated poultry meat. This can result from contamination of the meat during the slaughtering processes. Food contact surfaces like stainless steel or plucking fingers contribute significantly to cross-contamination of poultry carcasses. Modification of these surfaces could lead to a reduction of the bacterial burden, as already proven by successful application in various food industry sectors, such as packaging.In this study, nanoscale silica-coated and uncoated stainless-steel surfaces and plucking fingers were compared on a pilot scale regarding attachment and detachment of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli.The bacteria did not adhere less to the coated plucking fingers or stainless-steel sections than to the uncoated ones. The coating also did not lead to a significant difference in detachment of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli from the investigated surfaces compared to the uncoated ones.Our study did not reveal any differences between the coated and uncoated surfaces with regard to the investigated bacteria. In order to achieve a better adaptation of the coating to slaughterhouse conditions, future studies should focus on its further development based on the investigation of specific coating parameters.
- MeSH
- bakteriální adheze * MeSH
- Campylobacter jejuni * účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- drůbež mikrobiologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli * růst a vývoj fyziologie MeSH
- jatka * MeSH
- kontaminace potravin prevence a kontrola analýza MeSH
- maso mikrobiologie MeSH
- nerezavějící ocel * MeSH
- oxid křemičitý chemie MeSH
- potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis * účinky léků fyziologie růst a vývoj MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
