Salt stress affects plant growth and productivity. In this study we determined the roles of eight genes involved in photosynthesis, using gene co-expression network analysis, under salt-stress conditions using Arabidopsis knockout mutants. The green area of the leaves was minimum in the at1g65230 mutant line. Rice LOC_Os01g68450, a homolog of at1g65230, was ectopically expressed in the at1g65230 mutant line to generate revertant lines. Under salt stress, the revertant lines exhibited significantly higher net photosynthesis rates than the at1g65230 mutant line. Moreover, the operating efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and electron transport rate of the revertant lines were higher than those of the wild type and at1g65230 mutant line after 10 days of exposure to salt stress. After this period, the protein PsbD-the component of PSII-decreased in all lines tested without significant difference among them. However, the chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid, and anthocyanin contents of revertant lines were higher than those of the mutant line. Furthermore, lower maximum chlorophyll fluorescence was detected in the revertant lines. This suggests that LOC_Os01g68450 expression contributed to the salt tolerance phenotype by modifying the energy dissipation process and led to the ability to maintain photosynthesis under salt stress conditions.

Biology Department Worcester State University Worcester MA 01602 USA

Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology Department of Botany Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 CZ 783 71 Olomouc Czech Republic

National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency 113 Phahonyothin Rd Khlong Nueng Khlong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand

Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Program in Biological Science Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Program in Biotechnology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

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