Phytophthora cactorum is an important oomycetous plant pathogen with numerous host plant species, including garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and silver birch (Betula pendula). P. cactorum also hosts mycoviruses, but their phenotypic effects on the host oomycete have not been studied earlier. In the present study, we tested polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced water stress for virus curing and created an isogenic virus-free isolate for testing viral effects in pair with the original isolate. Phytophthora cactorum bunya-like viruses 1 and 2 (PcBV1 & 2) significantly reduced hyphal growth of the P. cactorum host isolate, as well as sporangia production and size. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed an increase in the production of elicitins due to bunyavirus infection. However, the presence of bunyaviruses did not seem to alter the pathogenicity of P. cactorum. Virus transmission through anastomosis was unsuccessful in vitro.

Natural Resources Institute Finland Humppilantie 18 FI 31600 Jokioinen Finland

Natural Resources Institute Finland Latokartanonkaari 9 FI 00790 Helsinki Finland

Natural Resources Institute Finland Toivonlinnantie 518 FI 21500 Piikkiö Finland

Phytophthora Research Centre Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology Mendel University in Brno Zemědělská 3 613 00 Brno Czech Republic

Phytophthora Research Centre Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology Faculty of AgriSciences Mendel University in Brno Zemědělská 1 613 00 Brno Czech Republic

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