The volume reduction of the gray matter structures in patients with Alzheimer's disease is often accompanied by an asymmetric increase in the number of white matter fibers located close to these structures. The present study aims to investigate the white matter structure changes in the motor basal ganglia in Alzheimer's disease patients compared to healthy controls using diffusion tensor imaging. The amounts of tracts, tract length, tract volume, quantitative anisotropy, and general fractional anisotropy were measured in ten patients with Alzheimer's disease and ten healthy controls. A significant decrease in the number of tracts and general fractional anisotropy was found in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to controls in the right caudate nucleus, while an increase was found in the left and the right putamen. Further, a significant decrease in the structural volume of the left and the right putamen was observed. An increase in the white matter diffusion tensor imaging parameters in patients with Alzheimer's disease was observed only in the putamen bilaterally. The right caudate showed a decrease in both the diffusion tensor imaging parameters and the volume in Alzheimer's disease patients. The right pallidum showed an increase in the diffusion tensor imaging parameters but a decrease in volume in Alzheimer's disease patients.

Centre of Scientific Information 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Ruska 87 100 00 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Anatomy 3rd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Ruska 87 100 00 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Neurology 3rd Faculty of Medicine University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Charles University Ruska 87 100 00 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Videnska 1958 9 140 21 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Statistical Modeling Institute of Computer Science Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Pod Vodarenskou vezi 271 2 182 07 Prague Czech Republic

Klinik für Neurologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160 23562 Lübeck Germany

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