In this study, we tackle the challenge of optimizing the design of a Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Utilizing an established analytical model, we introduced the Multi-Objective Generalized Normal Distribution Optimization (MOGNDO) method, a biomimetic approach based on Pareto optimality, dominance, and external archiving. We initially tested MOGNDO on standard multi-objective benchmark functions, where it showed strong performance. When applied to the BLDC motor design with the objectives of either maximizing operational efficiency or minimizing motor mass, the MOGNDO algorithm consistently outperformed other techniques like Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO), Ion Motion Optimization (IMO), and Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA). Specifically, MOGNDO yielded the most optimal values across efficiency and mass metrics, providing practical solutions for real-world BLDC motor design. The MOGNDO source code is available at: https://github.com/kanak02/MOGNDO.

Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman 11931 Jordan

Artificial Intelligence and Sensing Technologies Research Center University of Tabuk 71491 Tabuk Saudi Arabia

Computer Science Department Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information Technology Al al Bayt University Mafraq 25113 Jordan

Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai 602105 India

Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VSB Technical University of Ostrava 17 Listopadu 2172 15 70800 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos 13‑5053 Lebanon

Department of Electrical Engineering Shri K J Polytechnic Bharuch 392 001 India

Department of Mechanical Engineering and University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh University Mohali 140413 India

Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R and D Institute of Science and Technology Avadi 600 062 India

Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al Ahliyya Amman University Amman 19328 Jordan

MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman Jordan

School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang 11800 Malaysia

School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia 27500 Petaling Jaya Malaysia

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