Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly contagious and acute respiratory illness caused primarily by the gram-negative coccobacillus Bordetella pertussis. Despite near-universal vaccination, pertussis remains one of the least-controlled vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Since 2023, pertussis incidence has been rising, and widespread pertussis outbreaks have resurged in many countries. In response to these emerging challenges, almost 300 experts from institutions across 24 countries convened at the 14th International Bordetella Symposium in Prague, Czech Republic, from 24 to 28 June 2024 to discuss pertussis epidemiology and research and strategies to mitigate the global pertussis burden. We present here the highlights of the symposium, comprising epidemiological and clinical aspects of Bordetella infections, results of clinical trials of pertussis vaccination in pregnant women and effectiveness of maternal vaccination in protecting newborn infants in Africa and Europe, the controlled human infection model (CHIM), and the latest insights into the biology, immunology, and pathogenesis of B. pertussis infection.

CINDEFI Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata La Plata Buenos Aires Province Argentina

Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom

Department of Infectious Diseases University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine Athens Georgia USA

Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport Shreveport Louisiana USA

Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA

Departments of Biological Sciences and Biochemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee USA

Institute of International Health Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany

Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czechia

Laboratory of Medical Immunology Radboud Community of Infectious Diseases Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen Gelderland Netherlands

School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin Leinster Ireland

The Milner Centre for Evolution and Department of Life Sciences University of Bath Bath United Kingdom

UK Health Security Agency Porton Down Salisbury United Kingdom

Université Lille Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Inserm Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille Institut Pasteur de Lille U1019 Unité Mixte de Recherche 8204 Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France

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