BACKGROUND: Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) support the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients with various cancer types based on comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of tumor tissue. Despite the unprecedented results demonstrated in many molecularly driven clinical trials, access to matched therapy remains a significant challenge in routine clinical practice worldwide. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed the MTB cohort from University Hospital Brno in the Czech Republic. Between February 2021 and April 2025, a total of 553 cancer patients with limited therapeutic options underwent CGP of tumor tissue and were subsequently presented at the MTB. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 61.1 years, and 62.2% were female. The most frequently tested diagnoses were colorectal cancer (n = 88; 15.9%), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 66; 11.9%), and pancreatic cancer (n = 65; 11.8%). The median number of prior lines of standard systemic therapy before CGP testing was two. MTB-recommended matched therapy for 326 (59.0%) out of 553 tested patients, based on 545 unique molecular alterations. The most frequently recommended drugs included immunotherapy (162/545; 29.7%), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (140/545; 25.7%), and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (63/545; 11.6%). Reimbursement was requested from healthcare insurance providers in 115 cases, with 87 (75.7%) approvals. Together with other reimbursement forms, a total of 96 (17.4%) out of 553 patients initiated matched therapy. A progression-free survival ratio (PFS2/PFS1) of ≥ 1.3 was observed in 29 (41.4%) of the 70 evaluable pretreated patients. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report on a real-world MTB cohort from the Czech Republic, demonstrating a diagnostic yield comparable to previously published studies, good availability of recommended drugs, and clinical benefit in evaluable patients.

Center for Precision Medicine University Hospital Brno Brno Czech Republic

Center of Excellence CREATIC Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Biology Faculty of Medicine CEITEC Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Internal Medicine Hematology and Oncology University Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Pathology University Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Respiratory Diseases University Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Department of Surgery University Hospital Brno Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

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