Due to the low populations of Bacteroides sp. in the gut microbiota of sows compared to nursed piglets, sows may not represent an ideal source of Bacteroides sp. for newborn piglets. In this study, we therefore tested the effect of oral administration of a mixture of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides xylanisolvens on the microbiota development of newborn piglets. Oral administration of such a mixture to piglets within 12 h after parturition did not result in any adverse effects. Sequencing of 16S rRNA showed that 4 days after administration, these species formed approx. 20% of total faecal microbiota and affected the development of gut microbiota in treated piglets. The treatment resulted in an increased abundance of Veillonella caviae, Fusobacterium gastrosuis, Dialister sp., Clostridium jeddahitimonense, C. cadaveris, Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum, Actinobacillus indolicus, A. minor, Streptococcus pasteurianus, S. parasuis, S. equinus, S. pluranimalium, S. thoraltensis and S. suis. On the other hand, administration of the Bacteroides mixture suppressed piglet colonisation by C. disporicum and multiple species from family Prevotellaceae. Bacteroides-treated piglets exhibited significantly higher body weight than untreated controls at 3 months of age. Administration of a mixture of Bacteroides shaped the development of gut microbiota in nursed piglets, which resulted in improved parameters at the end of the pre-fattening period.

Veterinary Research Institute 621 00 Brno Czech Republic

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