OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sexual dimorphism of facial form and shape and to describe differences between the average female and male face from 12 to 15 years. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: Overall 120 facial scans from healthy Caucasian children (17 boys, 13 girls) were longitudinally evaluated over a 4-year period between the ages of 12 and 15 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Facial surface scans were obtained using a three-dimensional optical scanner Vectra-3D. Variation in facial shape and form was evaluated using geometric morphometric and statistical methods (DCA, PCA and permutation test). Average faces were superimposed, and the changes were evaluated using colour-coded maps. RESULTS: There were no significant sex differences (p > 0.05) in shape in any age category and no differences in form in the 12- and 13-year-olds, as the female faces were within the area of male variability. From the age of 14, a slight separation occurred, which was statistically confirmed. The differences were mainly associated with size. Generally boys had more prominent eyebrow ridges, more deeply set eyes, a flatter cheek area, and a more prominent nose and chin area. CONCLUSION: The development of facial sexual dimorphism during pubertal growth is connected with ontogenetic allometry.

• MeSH
• analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
• anatomická variace MeSH
• brada anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• čelo anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fotogrammetrie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nos anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• obličej anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• obočí anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• oči anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• optické zobrazování metody   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
• puberta fyziologie   MeSH
• ret anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• tvář anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• ústa anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH