Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) pathologically stresses the cardiovascular system. Apneic events cause significant oscillatory surges in nocturnal blood pressure (BP). Trajectories of these surges vary widely. This variability challenges the quantification, characterization, and mathematical modeling of BP surge dynamics. We present a method of aggregating trajectories of apnea-induced BP surges using a sample-by-sample averaging of continuously recorded BP. We applied the method to recordings of overnight BP (average total sleep time: 4.77 ± 1.64 h) for 10 OSA patients (mean AHI: 63.5 events/h; range: 18.3-105.4). We studied surges in blood pressure due to obstructive respiratory events separated from other such events by at least 30 s (274 total events). These events increased systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP by 19 ± 7.1 mmHg (14.8%) and 11 ± 5.6 mmHg (15.5%), respectively, relative to mean values during wakefulness. Further, aggregated SBP and DBP peaks occurred on average 9 s and 9.5 s after apnea events, respectively. Interestingly, the amplitude of the SBP and DBP peaks varied across sleep stages, with mean peak ranging from 128.8 ± 12.4 to 166.1 ± 15.5 mmHg for SBP and from 63.1 ± 8.2 to 84.2 ± 9.4 mmHg for DBP. The aggregation method provides a high level of granularity in quantifying BP oscillations from OSA events and may be useful in modeling autonomic nervous system responses to OSA-induced stresses.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic steatosis (PS) has both metabolic consequences and local effects on the pancreas itself. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most reliable non-invasive method for diagnosing PS. We investigated the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the presence of PS, differences in individuals with and without PS, and the metabolic effects of bariatric procedures. METHODS: Changes in anthropometric and basic biochemistry values and MS occurrence were evaluated in 34 patients with obesity who underwent a bariatric procedure. After the procedure, patients underwent MRI with manual 3D segmentation mask creation to determine the pancreatic fat content (PFC). We compared the differences in the PFC and the presence of PS in individuals with and without MS and compared patients with and without PS. RESULTS: We found no significant difference in the PFC between the groups with and without MS or in the occurrence of PS. There were significant differences in patients with and without PS, especially in body mass index (BMI), fat mass, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), select adipocytokines, and lipid spectrum with no difference in glycemia levels. Significant metabolic effects of bariatric procedures were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric procedures can be considered effective in the treatment of obesity, MS, and some of its components. Measuring PFC using MRI did not show any difference in relation to MS, but patients who lost weight to BMI < 30 did not suffer from PS and had lower overall fat mass and VAT. Glycemia levels did not have an impact on the presence of PS.
- MeSH
- bariatrická chirurgie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- metabolický syndrom * diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- morbidní obezita * chirurgie MeSH
- nitrobřišní tuk metabolismus MeSH
- obezita metabolismus MeSH
- pankreas diagnostické zobrazování metabolismus MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- ztučnělá játra * patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
The paper examines the development and testing of an electro-pneumatic device for wound healing therapy after surgery in the neck area. The device generates air pressure values in a miniaturized cuff using electronic circuitry to drive an electro-valve and air compressor. The device works in two distinct modes: continuous pressure mode and pulsating pressure mode. The pressure value setting can vary from 3 to 11 mmHg, and the pulsating pressure mode's operating frequency range is approximately 0.1 to 0.3 Hz. Laboratory measurements were conducted to evaluate the device's correct functioning in both continuous and pulsating pressure modes. A four-day prospective study with animals (n = 10) was also conducted to evaluate neck wound healing therapy using the electro-pneumatic device. Out of the twelve histological parameters analysed to reveal the differences between the experimental and control wounds, only one demonstrated a significant difference. Out of the ten animals treated with the device, three showed a significant difference in terms of benefit after therapy. We can therefore conclude that the device potentially improves the wound healing process in the neck area if the pre-set air pressure value does not exceed 8 mmHg.
- MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- hojení ran * MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- poranění krku etiologie terapie MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- techniky uzavření rány přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zdroje elektrické energie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In previous studies, one of the systolic time intervals - preejection period (PEP) - was used as an index of sympathetic activity reflecting the cardiac contractility. However, PEP could be also influenced by several other cardiovascular variables including preload, afterload and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The aim of this study was to assess the behavior of the PEP together with other potentially confounding cardiovascular system characteristics in healthy humans during mental and orthostatic stress (head-up tilt test - HUT). Forty-nine healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, mean age 18.6 years (SD=1.8 years)) participated in the study. We recorded finger arterial blood pressure by volume-clamp method (Finometer Pro, FMS, Netherlands), PEP, thoracic fluid content (TFC) - a measure of preload, and cardiac output (CO) by impedance cardiography (CardioScreen® 2000, Medis, Germany). Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) - a measure of afterload - was calculated as a ratio of mean arterial pressure and CO. We observed that during HUT, an expected decrease in TFC was accompanied by an increase of PEP, an increase of SVR and no significant change in DBP. During mental stress, we observed a decrease of PEP and an increase of TFC, SVR and DBP. Correlating a change in assessed measures (delta values) between mental stress and previous supine rest, we found that deltaPEP correlated negatively with deltaCO and positively with deltaSVR. In orthostasis, no significant correlation between deltaPEP and deltaDBP, deltaTFC, deltaCO, deltaMBP or deltaSVR was found. We conclude that despite an expected increase of sympathetic activity during both challenges, PEP behaved differently indicating an effect of other confounding factors. To interpret PEP values properly, we recommend simultaneously to measure other variables influencing this cardiovascular measure.
- MeSH
- krevní tlak fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minutový srdeční výdej fyziologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- psychický stres patofyziologie psychologie MeSH
- srdeční frekvence fyziologie MeSH
- sympatický nervový systém fyziologie MeSH
- tepový objem fyziologie MeSH
- test na nakloněné rovině metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Paper describes the system that is developed by the authors and which allows interconnection of vital signs monitor DASH, implant control system ICS 3000, HIS (Hospital Information System) used at Městská nemocnice Ostrava and REPACE the central registry of pacemaker implantations. This connection allows users to effectively create, store and visualize operation reports with patient's data. The new system is being developed using C# programming language within .NET environment. The developed application's title is ImplantSys.
