In the presented study, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) was shown to be a powerful tool for the simultaneous determination of various groups of contaminants including 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), seven polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Since different groups of analytes (traditionally analyzed separately) were included into one instrumental method, significant time savings were achieved. Following the development of an integrated sample preparation procedure for an effective and rapid isolation of several groups of contaminants from fish tissue, the GC × GC-TOFMS instrumental method was optimized to obtain the best chromatographic resolution and low quantification limits (LOQs) of all target analytes in a complex mixture. Using large-volume programmable temperature vaporization, the following LOQs were achieved-PCBs, 0.01-0.25 μg/kg; PBDEs, 0.025-5 μg/kg; PAHs 0.025-0.5 μg/kg. Furthermore, several capillary column combinations (BPX5, BPX50, and Rxi-17Sil-ms in the first dimension and BPX5, BPX50, Rt-LC35, and HT8 in the second dimension) were tested during the experiments, and the optimal separation of all target analytes even of critical groups of PAHs (group (a): benz[a]anthracene, cyclopenta[cd]pyrene and chrysene; group (b): benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[j]fluoranthene and benzo[k]fluoranthene; group (c): dibenz[ah]anthracene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene and benzo[ghi]perylene) was observed on BPX5 × BPX50 column setup. Moreover, since the determination of target analytes was performed using TOFMS detector, further identification of other non-target compounds in real life samples was also feasible.

• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• halogenované uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza   MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• ryby metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

During recent years, mass spectrometry (MS) and hyphenated chromatographic instrumentation and techniques have been a subject of dramatic developments, resulting in the introduction of various useful tools for the analysis of halogenated persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food and environmental matrices. This chapter describes state-of-the-art in the field of MS as a primary detection tool for the halogenated POPs and PAHs previously separated using either gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC). Since sample preparation practice plays a crucial role for obtaining optimal performance characteristics of a particular analytical method, a brief overview of sample extraction and clean-up procedures in the POPs/PAHs analysis is also briefly outlined.

• MeSH
• chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
• chromatografie plynová MeSH
• hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza   MeSH
• plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of microscopic filamentous fungi. With regard to the widespread distribution of fungi in the environment, mycotoxins are considered to be one of the most important natural contaminants in foods and feeds. To protect consumers' health and reduce economic losses, surveillance and control of mycotoxins in food and feed has become a major objective for producers, regulatory authorities, and researchers worldwide. In this context, availability of reliable analytical methods applicable for this purpose is essential. Since the variety of chemical structures of mycotoxins makes impossible to use one single technique for their analysis, a vast number of analytical methods has been developed and validated. Both a large variability of food matrices and growing demands for a fast, cost-saving and accurate determination of multiple mycotoxins by a single method outline new challenges for analytical research. This strong effort is facilitated by technical developments in mass spectrometry allowing decreasing the influence of matrix effects in spite of omitting sample clean-up step. The current state-of-the-art together with future trends is presented in this chapter. Attention is focused mainly on instrumental method; advances in biosensors and other screening bioanalytical approaches enabling analysis of multiple mycotoxins are not discussed in detail.

• MeSH
• analýza potravin metody   MeSH
• kontaminace potravin analýza   MeSH
• mykotoxiny analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH