Nothobranchius fishes (Cyprinodontiformes), known for their genetically encoded extremely compressed lifespan, are considered an excellent vertebrate model for the research of aging. Unlike the rapid accumulation of data concerning their biology, ecology and genome, knowledge of their age-related diseases, including tumours, is still very limited. This Note reports spontaneous neoplastic lesions in the swim bladder gas glands of Nothobranchius furzeri, N. kadleci and N. orthonotus. Based on light and transmission electron microscopy, the neoplastic proliferation of gas gland cells was classified as adenocarcinoma. There was a concurrent proliferation of haemopoietic cells in the kidney interstitium in all individuals diagnosed with this type of primary neoplasia.
- MeSH
- adenokarcinom * veterinární MeSH
- Cyprinodontiformes * MeSH
- dlouhověkost MeSH
- stárnutí MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Myxosporean infections that we diagnosed frequently in the urinary tract of Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier, 1830) and Cynoscion regalis (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Sciaenidae) collected in the estuarine systems of SC, USA, are described together with their etiological agent. Based on the morphology of spores and plasmodial stages, we identified the agent, in both fish host species, as Sinuolinea dimorpha (Davis, 1916), which is the type species of the genus. Based on sequences of SSU rDNA generated in this study from type host material, this species of SinuolineaDavis, 1917 has found its place in the current phylogenetic reconstruction of Myxozoa and enlarged the limited number of myxosporean genera represented in phylogenetic analyses by sequences of type species. Sequences of SSU rDNA of S. dimorpha from Cynoscion host species formed two clusters, irrespective of their host species, and also revealed differences within each cluster. These findings contribute to the acknowledgement of myxosporean cryptic species diversity, an important topic that emphasizes the general necessity of species delimitation and of continued effort to improve our knowledge of Myxosporea based on both morphology of spores and molecular data.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A total of 109 sea urchins from 3 species collected in 2 localities off the coast of Tenerife Island, Spain, were examined for the presence of free-living amoebae in their coelomic fluid. Amoeba trophozoites were isolated exclusively from moribund individuals of long-spined sea urchins Diadema aff. antillarum (Philippi) (Echinoidea, Echinodermata) that manifested lesions related to sea urchin bald disease on their tests (16 out of 56 examined). No amoebae were detected in Arbacia lixula (L.) and Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck). From the former sea urchin species, 8 strains, established from 10 primary isolates, were identified as Neoparamoeba branchiphila Dyková et al., 2005 using morphological and molecular methods. Results of this study (limited to the screening for free-living amoebae) together with data on agents of sea urchin mortalities reported to date justify the hypothesis that free-living amoebae play an opportunistic role in D. aff. antillarum mortality. The enlargement of the dataset of SSU rDNA sequences brought new insight into the phylogeny of Neoparamoeba species.
- MeSH
- Amoebozoa klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- ježovky parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Atlantský oceán MeSH
- Španělsko MeSH
In South Bohemia, Czech Republic, 178 shrews, including 98 common shrews, Sorex araneus L., 70 pygmy shrews, Sorex minutus L., and 10 lesser white-toothed shrews, Crocidura suaveolens (Pallas), were examined for Soricimyxum fegati Prunescu, Prunescu, Pucek et Lom, 2007 infections, using squash preparations of unfixed tissues, histological sections and molecular methods. The infection was found in 51 (52%) S. araneus, 14 (20%) S. minutus and 1 (10%) C. suaveolens. The records of the latter two species extend host range of S. fegati. Lesions associated with S. fegati infections in the liver, the organ of specific localisation of the parasite, were found to be induced by proliferative stages migrating toward lumina of bile ducts. In other organs of these three host species, xenoma-like formations (XLFs) were found that severely injured blood vessels. XLFs contained presporogonic stages of S. fegati, whose species identity was evidenced using molecular methods.
- MeSH
- cévy parazitologie patologie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- hostitelská specificita MeSH
- játra parazitologie patologie MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- Myxozoa genetika izolace a purifikace klasifikace patogenita MeSH
- orgánová specificita MeSH
- parazitární nemoci u zvířat parazitologie patologie MeSH
- rejskovití klasifikace parazitologie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální analýza MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- žlučové cesty parazitologie patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
A new myxosporean species, Henneguya cynoscioni sp. n., is described from the spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier) (Sciaenidae) as a causative agent of cardiac henneguyosis. This new myxosporean species is characterized by the morphology of spores and the sequence of SSU rDNA. Examination of 227 spotted seatrout from four South Carolina estuaries in 2008-2010 revealed a 33.5% total prevalence of H. cynoscioni. Henneguya cynoscioni produces lesions in the bulbus arteriosus, its specific site of infection. The severity of lesions and their impact on the bulbus arteriosus is proportional to the number of plasmodial stages developing in this segment of the heart, being most pronounced in host reaction directed against spores liberated from plasmodia.
Mixed infections of histophagous ciliates and Neoparamoeba spp. Page, 1987 were diagnosed in gill tissue of farmed turbot Psetta maxima (synonym: Scophthalmus maximus) and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during a study of amoebic gill disease. Ciliates co-isolated from lesions grossly visible on gills of both fish hosts and from 2 species of red algae Lithophyllum racemus and Palmaria palmata were characterized morphologically and by using molecular markers. Sequences of small subunit (SSU) rDNA were determined for 6 strains of ciliates isolated from hosts collected in geographically distant localities. Of these, sequences of 5 strains revealed a surprisingly high level of similarity and identified the corresponding strains with Uronema marinum Lynn et Small, 1997. Thus, the set of environmental sequences of U. marinum available in the GenBank database to date was supplemented with the first sequences of potentially histophagous strains. On the basis of SSU rDNA, the 6th strain, also isolated from affected fish gills, was identified as Aristerostoma sp.
- MeSH
- Ciliophora klasifikace genetika fyziologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- Tubulina fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A strain of naked amoeba isolated from pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.)) kidney tissue has been characterized using light- and transmission electron microscopy. Sequencing of SSU rDNA and phylogenetic analysis based on a broad dataset of sequences completed our study. All data obtained suggest that this strain belongs to a species that has not been described before. As none of the existing genera of amoebae is applicable to this organism, the new genus Grellamoeba is established and the type species Grellamoeba robusta is described. Although the phylogenetic position of the SSU rDNA sequence of the type strain of G. robusta is sensitive to the method of analysis applied, a tendency to group with Acramoeba dendroida Smirnov, Nassonova et Cavalier-Smith, 2008 is evident.
- MeSH
- Amoebozoa klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- geny rRNA MeSH
- ledviny parazitologie MeSH
- mikroskopie MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- okounovití parazitologie MeSH
- protozoální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA protozoální genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 18S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
We studied amoebae associated with nodular gill disease (NGD) outbreaks in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) in fish farms in South-Western Germany. Gills of 12 diseased rainbow trout were examined in fresh, by isolation attempts, histologically and using in situ hybridisation (ISH). A total of nine amoeba strains of the genera Acanthamoeba (1), Hartmannella (2), Naegleria (1), Protacanthamoeba (1) and Vannella (4) were isolated and determined using light microscopical, ultrastructural and molecular methods. Specific molecular probes designed from the SSU rDNA sequences of individual amoeba strains were used for non-radioactive ISH in histological sections. Association of Naegleria sp. with NGD and a direct ISH proof of Naegleria trophozoites attached to hyperplastic gill epithelium are novel findings, expanding the number of possible agents of NGD and supporting the hypothesis on multicausal aetiology of this disease.
A new myxosporean species, Kudoa inornata sp. n. (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida), is described from skeletal muscles of the spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier), collected in estuarine waters along the coast of South Carolina, USA. Light microscopic and ultrastructural characters rank this species to the group of Kudoa species with simple-shaped spores. The uniqueness of the SSU and LSU rDNA sequences justifi es its status of a new species with sister relationship to Kudoa paniformis. The 100% prevalence in seatrout from four out of fi ve localities sampled and pathogenicity of K. inornata recognized in this study should motivate further screening for infections in its host, which is considered a commercially important game fi sh with a wide distribution in the Western North Atlantic.
New strains of non-vannellid flattened amoebae isolated from fish, an invertebrate and the marine environment were studied together with Flabellula citata Schaeffer, 1926 selected by morphology as a reference strain. The study revealed a paucity of features distinguishing individual strains at the generic level, but clearly evidenced mutual phylogenetic relationships within the assemblage of strains as well as their affiliation to the Leptomyxida. In this study, the SSU rDNA dataset of leptomyxids was expanded and a new branching pattern was presented within this lineage of Amoebozoa. Sequences of three newly introduced strains clustered in close relationship with the type strain of F. citata, the type species of the genus. Three strains, including one resembling Flamella sp., were positioned within a sister-group containing Paraflabellula spp. Results of phylogenetic analysis confirmed doubts of previous authors regarding generic assignment of several Rhizanmoeba and Ripidomnyxa strains.
- MeSH
- amébiáza genetika parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- Amoeba izolace a purifikace klasifikace ultrastruktura MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- malé podjednotky ribozomu genetika MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- nemoci ryb genetika parazitologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- protozoální DNA genetika klasifikace MeSH
- ribozomální DNA genetika klasifikace MeSH
- ryby genetika parazitologie MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
